Pharmacokinetics Flashcards
Best TCA for in the elderly
Lofepramine
What is the protein binding ratio of diazepam?
30-40%
What other name does meperidine go by
Pethidine
What is the half life of fluoxetine
2-3 days
Half life of norfluoxetine
2 weeks
Balanced hydrophobic and hydrophilic properties are essential for what quality in a drug
High permeability
Zaleplon half life
1 hour
Which antipsychotic will be most affected by the air
Sodium valproate
Half life of quetiapine
7 hours
Buspirone causes severe withdrawal effects, true or false
FALSE - causes none
What is the basis of clozapine induced hypersalivation?
Muscarinic M4 agonism
Poor response to lithium maintenance treatment is predicted by
Rapid cycling
Receptor blockade in which pathway leads to increased prolactin levels
Tuberoinfundibular
Weight gain caused by clozapine is due to
5Ht2c antagonism
Which antidementia drug acts directly on nicotine receptors
Galantamine
Mechanism of action of valproate
Inhibits catabolism of GABA
Reduces turnover of arachidonic acid
Activates EC signal related kinase pathway and thereby alters synaptic plasticity
Interfers with IC signalling
Promotes BDNTF expression
Reduces levels of protein kinase C
Buspirone acts on
5HT1a receptor
What % patients develop tardive dyskinesia every year of typical antipsychotics?
2-5%
Is moclobemide reversible or irreversible
Reversible
Carbamazepine, SJW, phenytoin and topiramate are inducers of what
CYP3A4
What do gabapentin, sulpride, amisulpride and lithium have in common
Little to no hepatic metabolism
What is the active component of SJW
Hyperforin
In a patient with severe liver disease, the antipsychotic of choice is
Amisulpride
The SSRI most selective for serotonin reuptake is
Citalopram
Active metabolite of imipramine
Desipramine
Urinary acidification can help with OD of what
Amphetamines
Urinary alkalisation can help with OD of what
Salicylates
Effect of smoking on TCAs
Facilitates metabolism, lowers levels 25-50%
Effect of TCAs on their own absorption
May reduce own absorption (anticholinergic effects)
TCA plasma protein binding
Extensive
Which drug induces its own metabolism and reduces its plasma levels after 2 weeks at the same dose
Carbamazapine
Effect of fluvoxamine on theophylline
Increases levels by inhibiting CYP1A2
Clonidine and guanfacine act on which receptors
Presynaptic alpha 2 (agonists)
Paroxetine autoinhibits via what
CYP 450 2D6
When plotting plasma conc against time, AUC after a single dose shows
Bioavailability
There is poor absorption of antipsychotics in which part of the GI tract
Stomach
What is venlafaxine metabolised to
O desmethylvenlafaxine
Half life of aripiprazole
75 hours
Which treatment for mania can be commenced with a rapid loading dose?
Valproate
How many weeks are needed between fluoxetine and phenelzine?
5-6
The enhancement of drug effects following repeated administration of the same dose is called
Sensitisation
Which benzos skip phase 1 reactions and go straight through phase 2 metabolism?
Lorazepam, oxazepam and temazepam
Protein binding reactions become relevant in which condition?
Renal disease
