Pharmacodynamics

Question 1

Pharacodynamics

Answer 1

the study of what drugs do in the body and how they do it

Question 2

Therapeutic effect of a drug

Answer 2

a positive change in a faulty psychological system - the goal

Question 3

The minimum amount of a drug to be used (MEC)

Answer 3

minimum plasma concentration of a drug needed to achieve sufficient drug concentration at the receptors to produce the desired pharmacologic response

Question 4

The maximum response a drug can elicit

Answer 4

maximum effect which can be expected from this drug (i.e. when this magnitude of effect is reached, increasing the dose will not produce a greater magnitude of effect)

Question 5

Treatment is tailored by

Answer 5

increasing or decreasing the dosage until the desired intensity of response is achieved

Question 6

Maximal efficiency (peak)

Answer 6

largest effect that a drug can produce; very high maximal efficiency is not always desired (too much, toxic, lethal)

Question 7

Drugs

Answer 7

chemicals that produce effects by interacting with other chemicals

Question 8

Receptors

Answer 8

special chemicals in the body that most drugs interact with to produce effects

Question 9

A receptor is any

Answer 9

functional macromolecule in a cell to which a drug binds to produce its effects

Question 10

Receptors are

Answer 10

normal points of control of physiological processes

Question 11

Under physiological conditions

Answer 11

receptor function is regulated by molecuels supplied by the body

Question 12

Drugs can only

Answer 12

mimic or block the body’s own regulatory molecules

Question 13

Drugs can’t

Answer 13

give cells new functions

Question 14

Affinity

Answer 14

the degree of attachment and binding

Question 15

receptor interactions

Answer 15

reactive site on the surface or inside of a cell

Question 16

Enzyme interactions

Answer 16

either inhibits or enhance the action of a specific enzyme

Question 17

Nonselective interactions

Answer 17

drugs don’t interact with receptor or enzyme

Question 18

Agonists

Answer 18

molecules that activate receptors - mimic + produce the same response as the endogenous substance

Question 19

Antagonists

Answer 19

produce their effects by preventing receptor activation by endogenous regulatory molecules or drugs

Question 20

Antagonists - affinity but no

Answer 20

instrinsic activity

Question 21

Antagonists pt 2

Answer 21

no effects on their own receptor function; simply block the receptor so they can’t be stimulated - Narcan - preventing the activation of receptors by agonists

Question 22

Noncompetitive agonists

Answer 22

bind irreversible to receptors - reduce the max response that an agonist can elicit

Question 23

Competitive antagonists

Answer 23

compete with agonists for receptor binding - bind reversibly to receptors

Question 24

Partial agonists

Answer 24

the maximum effect that a partial agonist can produce is less than that of a full agonist - continuous activation

Question 25

Receptor binding

Answer 25

when a drug binds to a receptor, it will mimic or block the action of the endogenous regulatory molecules and increase/decrease the rate of physiologic activity normally controlled by that receptor

Question 26

Drugs produce their

Answer 26

therapeutic effects by helping the body use its preexisting capabilities

Question 27

The more selective a drug

Answer 27

the fewer side effects it will produce

Question 28

The dose required to produce a therapeutic response

Answer 28

can vary substantially among patients - variability

Question 29

Clinical implication of interpatient variability

Answer 29

the initial dose of a drug is necessary for approximation

Question 30

Therapeutic index

Answer 30

measure of a drug’s safety