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Patient Care > Pharmaceutical Types > Flashcards

Pharmaceutical Types Flashcards

1
Q

Adernergics (vasoconstrictors)

A

Stimulate the sympathetic nervous system causing bronchodilation, vasoconstriction, and cardiac stimulation
Epinephrine (Adrenalin)

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2
Q

Antidepressants

A

Used to prevent or relieve depression
fluoxetine (Prozac)
duloxetine hydrochloride (Cymbalta)

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3
Q

Anticoagulants

A 
Inhibit the clotting mechanism of blood; used to keep IV lines and arterial catheters open during diagnostic procedures and to prevent blood clots following heart attack or stroke
heparin 
warfarin (Coumadin)
clopidogrel bisulphate (Plavix)
acetylsalicylic acid (Asprin)
atrovastatin (Lipitor)
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4
Q

Antianxiety

A

Act by blocking stimulation in the limb if and cortical systems of the brain
lorazepam (Ativan)
midazolam (Versed)
diazepam (Valium)

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5
Q

Analgesics/Anesthetics

A 
Relieve pain, promote loss of feeling/sensation 
(Tylenol) acetaminophen
(Asprin) acetylsalicylic acid 
(Advil) ibuprofen 
(Demerol) meperidine 
(Sublimaze) fentanyl 
codeine 
(Xylocaine) lidocaine 
(Gravel) dimenhydrinate 
morphine 
(Precocity) oxycodone
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6
Q

Vasodilators

A 
Relax the walls for blood vessels permitting a greater flow of blood
nitroglycerine hydralazine (Apresoline)
dopamine (Intropin)
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7
Q

Tranquilizers

A

Reduce anxiety (antianxiety)
diazepam (Valium)
lorazepam (Ativan)
midazolam (Versed)

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8
Q

Sedatives

A

Depress/relax the CNS and reduce mental activity multiple classes within the sedative category
barbiturates (Phenobarbital methohexital)
benzodiazepines (antianxiety agents)
opiate analgesics

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9
Q

Narcotics/Opioids

A 
Stimulate central nervous system receptors known as opioid receptors causing a decrease in the perception of pain 
codeine 
fentanyl (Sublimaze)
meperidine (Demerol)
morphine
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10
Q

Hypoglycemics

A

Used to control the level of glucose in the blood, primary as a treatment for DM type 2
metformin (Glucophage)

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11
Q

Glucocorticoids/NSAID’s

A

Used to treat pain associated with inflammation such as arthritis, vasculits, broken bones and surgical incisions
ibuprofen
naproxen
Asprin - technically in a class of its own but has similar action to NSAID

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12
Q

Fluids and Electrolytes

A 
Provides balance of body fluids, electrolytes and nutrients. Used to treat and prevent dehydration 
Normal saline (NaCl) 
5% Dextorse in water 
Ringers solution 
Electrolytes: Na, Cl, Mg, bicarbonate
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13
Q

Diuretics

A

Stimulate the flow of urine
furosemide (Lasix)
cholorthaizide (Diuril)

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14
Q

Contrast Agents

A 
Used to enhance the presentation of a structure, orang, etc.. during diagnostic procedures 
Ominipaque
Optiray
Visipaque
Conray
Hypaqu
Gastrografin
Telebrix
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15
Q

Cathartics

A

Stimulate peristals, promote defecation
bisacodyl (Dulcolax)
Castor oil
magnesium citrate

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16
Q

Bronchodilators

A

Dilate smooth muscle, used to treat asthma attacks and some Allergic reactions
albuterol (Ventolin and Proventil)

17
Q

Antiperistaltic

A

Slow peristalsis of the GI tract, reduce diarrhea

loperamide (Imodium)

18
Q

Anticholinergics

Antispasmodics

A 
Depress the parasympathetic nervous system to reduce spasms of smooth muscle and decrease contractions, saliva, bronchial mucus and digestive secretions. Used in preparation for surgery and endoscopy to suppress secretions 
hyoscine butylbromide (Buscopan)
atropine sulfate
19
Q

Antihistamine

A

Relieves symptoms of the allergic reactions
diphenhydramine (Benadryl)
loratadine (Claritin)
fexofenadine (Allgera)

20
Q

Antidiabetics

A

Required for patients who have difficulty maintaining perpetrators sugar balance
insulin
metformin (Glucophage)

21
Q

Glucagon

A
  • is a generic name
  • is a hyperglycemia agent used to treat hypoglycemia
  • is also used as a diagnostic aid in radiographic exams of the stomach, duodenum, small bowel, and colon where diminished motility would be advantageous
22
Q

Glucophage/metformin

A
  • metformin is a generic name and Glucophage is a brand/trade name
  • metoformin is an oral medication that lowers blood glucose levels by influencing the body’s sensitivity to insulin and is used to treat people with type 2 diabetes

Patient Care (11 decks)

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