Isolation Techniques and INFC Flashcards
When to wash your hands
Before/after handling supplies for used pt care
Before/after each pt contact, even if gloves are worn
Before/after wearing gloves
Before/after completing invasive procedure
Before/after eating
After using restroom
At the start and end of your shift
Alcohol based hand rubs benefits and when to use
Quicker, more accessible, more effective in reducing nosocomail infections, less irritating to skin
Before/after pt contact as long as the hands are not visibly soiled or contaminated
Before donning gloves
After removal of gloves
After contact with inanimate objects (including medical equipment)
3 Reasoning for Wearing Gloves
To provide a protective barrier and to prevent gross contamination of the hands
To reduce the risk of microorganisms being transmitted from healthcare workers to patients
To reduce the risk of microorganisms from being transmitted from one patient to another
When Gloves must be worn
During any procedures that may involve contact with patients body fluids, blood, secretions, excretions, mucous membranes, non intact skin and contaminated items
Gloves must be promptly removed after use, before touching non-contaminated surfaces and of course b/w patients
Nosocomial Infections/Health care acquired infection
Are infections acquired while patients are staying in the hospital
They usually occur in an acute care hospital setting
Urinary tract is the most common site of the nosocomial infections
Also includes infections in wounds after surgical procedures and respiratory infections
Standard Precautions
Designed to reduce the risk of transmission of unrecognized sources of blood-borne and other pathogens in healthcare institutions
- blood, all body fluids, secretions and excretions, non-intact skin, mucous membranes
Transmission-Based Precautions
Used when isolating patients in addition to standard precautions. Transmission based precautions include airborne, droplet, and contact variations
Standard Precautions Practices
Hand washing Gloving PPE Proper handling of soiled patient-care equipment Proper environmental cleaning Minimal handling of soiled linen Proper disposal of needles and other sharpies Used of private rooms/isolation
PPE purpose and includes
Gloves, fluid-repellent gowns, masks, face shields, protective eyewear
Used when there is contact with body fluids ect…
Purpose - provides a barrier b/w the patient and the healthcare provider to prevent exposure to the skin and mucous membranes
For a infection to be transmitted there must be
An infectious agent An environment in which the pathogenic microbes can live and multiply A print of exit from the reservoir A means of transmission A port of entry into a new host
Transmission based Precautions and 3 types
Designed to place a barrier b/w persons with highly infectious diseases and the persons carrying them
- airborne, droplet, contact, (pathogen can fit into more than one category)
Airborne Precautions
Pathogenic organisms that remain suspended in the air for long periods on aerosol droplets or dust
- must wear N95 mask
-TB, measles (rubeola), chickenpox (Varicella), SARS
*minimize the amount of time you spend with these patients
Patients are placed in a negative pressure isolation room with the door closed
Patient leaving the room must be wearing a N95 mask when leaving their room
Droplet Precautions
Occurs when droplets contaminated with pathogenic microorganisms are placed in the air
Happens when a patient sneezes, coughs, talks or deposits infection from his or her eyes, nose, or mouth in other ways
Patients should be placed in a private room or with a patient infected with the same disease
Door can remain open -> droplets can’t travel that far
Healthcare workers should protect themselves by wearing a surgical masks if they are within 3 ft of patient
Patient should wear a mask when leaving the room
Contact Precautions
Designed to reduce the risk of transmitting pathogens by direct skin-skin contact or indirect contact with contaminated objects
Patient should be placed in a private room or with another patient who has the same disease
When patient leaves the room they must wear gloves and a mask
All equipement should be cleaned with an antiseptic after the exam and workers should don gloves (and gown) before entering the room
Gloves are removed and hands washed before the worker leaves the room
Strict Isolation
Encompasses airborne, droplet, contact precautions
Special rooms are used for patients on strict isolation
Before entering the room you must have the mobile prepared along with all IRs you will need, IRs need a protective case
Must wash hands, don gloves, gown, caps, and mask before entering the room Alleviate pt concerns by explaining exam to them
Use a clean tech dirty tech system to work efficiently
