Pharmaceutical Terminology - B,C

Question 1

B Cells

Answer 1

White blood cells that develop in the bone marrow and are the source of antibodies.

Question 2

BID

Answer 2

Twice a day.

Question 3

Bacillus

Answer 3

Rod-shaped bacteria.

Question 4

Bacteria

Answer 4

Single-cell organisms that can sometimes cause infections, such as strep throat and bacterial pneumonia.

Question 5

Bacteriophage

Answer 5

A type of virus that destroys bacteria; also called phage.

Question 6

Beta Blocker

Answer 6

Class of drugs used mostly for the management of arrhythmias and cardio-protection.

Question 7

Binding Ligand

Answer 7

A molecule that attaches specifically to an active biological molecule or receptor by chemical bonds.

Question 8

Bioavailibility

Answer 8

A measure of the rate and extent of a medication absorption.

Question 9

Biopharmaceuticals

Answer 9

Drugs derived from biological sources.

Question 10

Biotechnology

Answer 10

The use of biological processes to develop or manufacture such products as drugs. Includes vaccines.

Question 11

Blood-brain Barrier

Answer 11

The barrier of cells that surround the blood vessels serving the central nervous system (CNS).

Question 12

BPC

Answer 12

Bulk pharmaceutical chemical.

Question 13

C

Answer 13

Constipation

Question 14

CAM

Answer 14

Complementary or alternative medicine.

Question 15

CBER

Answer 15

Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research - The arm of the FDA concerned with regulation of most biological products.

Question 16

CD

Answer 16

Cluster of differentiation.

Question 17

CDC

Answer 17

Center for Disease Control Prevention - A part of the Dept. of Health and Human Services, recognized as the lead federal agency for protecting the health and safety of Americans at home and abroad.

Question 18

CDER

Answer 18

Center for Drug Evaluation and Research - Unit of the FDA with responsibility for oversight of all non-biological drugs and selected biologics.

Question 19

cDNA

Answer 19

Complementary DNA.

Question 20

Cell Line

Answer 20

A collection of cells that will proliferate indefinitely when provided with appropriate space to grow and fresh medium to feed on.

Question 21

Cell

Answer 21

The fundamental self-contained unit of life.

Question 22

Central Nervous System

Answer 22

System of tissue that includes the spinal cord and brain.

Question 23

CFR

Answer 23

Code of Federal Regulations (FDA)

Question 24

CFTR

Answer 24

Cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator.

Question 25

cGMP

Answer 25

Current Good Manufacturing Practice.

Question 26

Chemotherapy

Answer 26

The use of toxic drugs in the treatment of cancer.

Question 27

CHF

Answer 27

Congestive heart failure.

Question 28

Circular

Answer 28

The FDA-approval information about a medication.

Question 29

Clinical Effect

Answer 29

The response produced by a medication.

Question 30

Clinical Hold

Answer 30

The mechanism that the FDA uses when it is concerned that a study may pose an unreasonable risk to subjects.

Question 31

Clinical Investigators

Answer 31

Professionals charged with overseeing the administration of an experimental compound in clinical trials.

Question 32

Clinical Pharmacology

Answer 32

The study of the effects of medications in humans.

Question 33

Clinical Trials

Answer 33

Research study conducted with patients, usually to evaluate a new treatment or drug.

Question 34

Closed Model

Answer 34

Most or all participating physicians are housed in an HMO-owned facility, which typically has an on-site pharmacy.

Question 35

CMC

Answer 35

Chemistry, manufacturing and control.

Question 36

Coding Systems

Answer 36

The process of assigning formal, standardized medical codes to patient medical records.

Question 37

Community Hospital

Answer 37

Hospitals, usually unaffiliated with an academic institution or teaching facility, offering medical and surgical care and sometimes even highly specialized services to the local population.

Question 38

Compliance

Answer 38

The extent to which a patient follows the regimen ordered by his/her physician during a designated time frame.

Question 39

Compound

Answer 39

A distinct substance formed by chemical union of two or more ingredients in definite proportion to weight.

Question 40

Condition

Answer 40

A term used synonymously with disease.

Question 41

Contraindication

Answer 41

The possible risk a medication may provide for patients with certain conditions.

Question 42

Controlled Substances

Answer 42

Drugs classified under the Controlled Substances Act of 1970 as having significant potential for addiction/abuse.

Question 43

COPD

Answer 43

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

Question 44

COX-2 Inhibitors

Answer 44

A class of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs that work by blocking COX-2, an enzyme whose activity contributes to inflammation.

Question 45

CRF

Answer 45

Case Report Form

Question 46

CRO

Answer 46

Clinical Research Organization

Question 47

Cross Tolerance

Answer 47

Where the tolerance of one medication may result in increased tolerance of another medication.

Question 48

CTC

Answer 48

Clinical Trial Certificate

Question 49

CTN

Answer 49

Clinical Trial Notification

Question 50

CTX

Answer 50

Clinical Trial Exemption

Question 51

Cyclase

Answer 51

An enzyme that forms a cyclic compound.

Question 52

Cytochrome

Answer 52

A substance that contains iron and acts as a hydrogen carrier for the eventual release of energy in aerobic respiration.

Question 53

Cytometry

Answer 53

The method of counting cells using a cytometer.