Pharm Unit 1 Topics

Question 1

The amount of time needed for the plasma concentration to drop 50% after the drug is discontinued.

Answer 1

Half life (elimination). T1/2

Question 2

A continuous, therapeutic effect is achieved once a ___ ___ level is reached in the plasma

Answer 2

Steady state.

Question 3

A strategy to get a higher serum level immediately using a larger dose.

Answer 3

Loading dose.

Question 4

No peaks or troughs in medication delivery.

Answer 4

Continuous infusion.

Question 5

Has peaks and troughs.

Answer 5

Intermittent dose.

Question 6

3 checks of Medication administration.

Answer 6

1. When you receive the meds. 2. When you prepare the meds. 3. When you bring the meds to the patient.

Question 7

5 Rights of Medication administration.

Answer 7

1. patient. 2. dose. 3. drug. 4. route. 5. time. (reason & documentation).

Question 8

MAR=

Answer 8

Medication Administration Record.

Question 9

Fried’s rule of dosing:

Answer 9

Child’s dose=(age in months x adult dose)/150.

Question 10

Young’s rule of dosing:

Answer 10

Child’s dose=(child’s age in years x adult dose)/(child’s age + 12).

Question 11

Clark’s rule of dosing:

Answer 11

Child’s dose=(child’s weight in pounds x adult dose)/150.

Question 12

Body Surface Area calculation (BSA)=

Answer 12

Child’s dose=(child’s BSA/1.73) x adult dose.

Question 13

The teratogenic effects from a drug in a fetus occur between how many days?

Answer 13

days 18-60.

Question 14

LMP=

Answer 14

Last mentrual period.

Question 15

Pregnancy Category A:

Answer 15

Possibility for fetal harm is remote.

Question 16

Pregnancy Category B:

Answer 16

Fairly safe, not proven completely safe.

Question 17

Pregnancy Category C:

Answer 17

Meds should only be given if potential benefit outweighs risk to the fetus.

Question 18

Pregnancy Category D:

Answer 18

Evidence of human fetal risk, use in a life-threatening situation.

Question 19

Pregnancy Category X:

Answer 19

Fetal abnormalities proven, absolutely do not give to any pregnant woman, or woman possibly pregnant.

Question 20

Drugs to NEVER use during pregnancy:

Answer 20

Anticonvulsants, statins, HTN RAS-blockade drugs, tetracyclines, sulfa drugs, quinolones.

Question 21

Times to safely give a breastfeeding woman drugs:

Answer 21

30-45 minutes after breastfeeding, 3-4 hours before next feeding.

Question 22

Known drugs children and infants are intolerant to (6):

Answer 22

1. Benzyl alcohol. 2. BP meds. 3. Arthritis meds. 4. Iron (Fe). 5. Aluminum. 6. Tetracyclines and Quinolones.

Question 23

Using multiple drugs daily.

Answer 23

Polypharmacy.

Question 24

This person has the ability to assess, test, diagnose, generate a plan of care/treatment, and implement the plan of care/treatment.

Answer 24

The provider.

Question 25

This route of administration can be self-administered and must withstand stomach acid (pH=2).

Answer 25

Oral (PO).

Question 26

Placed on or under the tongue, goes directly into the bloodstream.

Answer 26

Oral Disintegrating tablets (ODT).

Question 27

Direct absorption with systemic blood via sub-lingual capillary bed.

Answer 27

Sublingual (SL).

Question 28

Absorption into lower half of the rectum into IVC, may slip upwards into hemorrhoidal vein and have first-pass effect.

Answer 28

Rectal (PR).

Question 29

Powders, sprays and crystals.

Answer 29

Inhalational.

Question 30

Local delivery to affected site.

Answer 30

Topical.

Question 31

Formulation with a patch that contains the drug so that it seems into the skin slowly and continuously.

Answer 31

Transdermal (patches).

Question 32

Injection into the CSF directly into brain ventricles.

Answer 32

Intrathecal.

Question 33

Injection above dura mater, bathes spinal nerves.

Answer 33

Epidural.

Question 34

Injection into subarachnoid where CSF flows.

Answer 34

Spinal/lumbar puncture.

Question 35

QD=

Answer 35

Once daily.

Question 36

HS=

Answer 36

Hora Somni (at bedtime).

Question 37

JCAHO=

Answer 37

Joint Commission on Accreditation of Hospital Organization.

Question 38

This IVF is useful for cardiac effects and cannot be give IM.

Answer 38

Calcium Chloride CaCl2.

Question 39

This IVF is useful for things such as hypocalcemic tetany and can be giving IM.

Answer 39

Calcium Glutonate.