Pharm Unit 1: ch.2-3

Question 1

What is a pharmocopeia?

Answer 1

medical reference summarizing standards of purity, strength, and directions for synthesis.

Question 2

excipient?

Answer 2

natural or synthetic substance formulated alongside the active ingredient of a medication

Question 3

how many drug schedules are there and what do the various degrees mean?

Answer 3

5 schedules, drug 1 is the highest liklihood for abuse(strongest), and 5 is the lowest potential

Question 4

what is an adverse event?

Answer 4

any undesirable experience asssociated with the use of a medical product in a patient

Question 5

what is an adverse effect?

Answer 5

an undesired harmful effect resulting from a medication or other intervention such as surgery

Question 6

what is a side effect?

Answer 6

nontherapeutic reaction to a drug

Question 7

what’s an allergic reaction?

Answer 7

acquired hyperresponse of body defenses to a foreign substance

Question 8

what is anaphylaxis?

Answer 8

severe type of allergic reaction that involves the massive, systemic release of histamine and other chemical mediators of inflammation that can lead to shock

Question 9

what are the 6 rights?

Answer 9

patient,med,dose,route,time,documentation

Question 10

STAT order?

Answer 10

any medication that is required immediatly (5 min, or less)

Question 11

ASAP order

Answer 11

not as urgent as stat, but still quick. (30 minutes or less)

Question 12

prn order?

Answer 12

as required by the patient’s condition.

Question 13

anything not written as stat,asap,or prn is called

Answer 13

routine order

Question 14

what are the three broad categories of route of drug administration?

Answer 14

enteral, topical, parenteral

Question 15

what is the enteral route?

Answer 15

drugs given orally, or those given through NG tube or gastrostomy tube

Question 16

what are enteric-coated tablets?

Answer 16

tablets that have a waxy coating that enables them to resist the acidity of the stomach. it is designed to dissolve in the small intestine

Question 17

what are some disadvantages of enteral route?

Answer 17

• person must be conscious, able to swallow med
• some types of drugs are inactivated by the acidity of the stomach/liver/small intestine, before they reach the target organ(first pass metabolism)

Question 18

why is the buccal route sometimes preferred over the sublingual route?

Answer 18

the buccal mucosa is less permeable to most meds than the sublingual area, providing for slower absorption (sustained release)

Question 19

what is the difference between a G tube and NG tube?

Answer 19

NG-tube inserted by way of nasopharynx with the tip in stomach; short-term treatment
G tube- surgically placed directly into patient’s stomach; long-term care

Question 20

what is the parenteral drug admin?

Answer 20

deliverance of drugs via a needle

Question 21

what are the different types of injection, from deepest to lightest?

Answer 21

Intramuscular(90 degrees), subcutaneous(45 degrees), and intradermal(10-15 degrees)

Question 22

what are the 3 main sites for intramuscular injections?

Answer 22

ventrogluteal, deltoid, dorsogluteal

Question 23

what are the 3 main types of IV administration?

Answer 23

large-volume infusion, intermittent infusion, and IV bolus administration