pharm test 2 ADR

Question 1

Insulin

Answer 1

hypoglycemia:(tremors, palpitations, sweating, excessive hunger, HA, mood changes, irritability, uncousness, sz)secretion of glucagon and epinephrine are blunted, weight gain, lipohypertrophy, hypokalemia, allergic reaction at injection site, insulin antibodies

Question 2

Pramlintide(symlin)

Answer 2

hypoglycemia(black box warning)*** nausea.

Question 3

SulfonylureasRepaglinide

Answer 3

hypoglycemia,weight gain, muscular weakness, dizziness, confusion, skin rash, photosensitivity, blood dyscrasias, cholestatic jaundice

Question 4

Repaglinide

Answer 4

hypoglycemia, weight gain

Question 5

Metformin

Answer 5

diarrhea, abd bloating, nausea, ***lactic acidosiswith greater potential with **renal failure pts

Question 6

Rosiglitazone(Avandia) and pioglitazone(actos)

Answer 6

fluid retention and peripheral edema, weight gain, **new onset heart failure. ***Black box warning regarding CHF and MI

Question 7

Acarbose(precise) and miglitol (glyset)

Answer 7

NOT well tolerated, loose stools, flatulence, abd cramping

Question 8

Sitagliptin(Januvia) and Saxagliptin (onglyza)

Answer 8

well tolerated

Question 9

Colesevelam (WelChol)

Answer 9

constipation/nausea, indigestion, increase TG

Question 10

Exenatide (Byetta)

Answer 10

N/V/D, modest weight loss, hypoglycemia, anti-exenatide antibodies

Question 11

Levothyroxine(synthroid, levothroid, levoxyl, unithroid)

Answer 11

arrhythmias, tachycardia, angina pain, cramps, HA, restlessness, sweating, weight loss, osteoporosis

Question 12

Propylthiouracil(PTU) and Methimazole(Tapazole)(MMI)

Answer 12

cause hypothyroidism, arganulocytosis, hypatotoxicity, vasculitis, rash, arthralgia, myalgia, cholestatic jaundice, lymphadenopathy, drug fever, psychosis, alopecia

Question 13

KI

Answer 13

hypersensitivity rxn, HA, lacrimation, conjunctivitis, laryngitis, thyrotoxicosis, drug fever, acneform rash, metallic taste in mouth

Question 14

Metyrapone(metopirone)

Answer 14

N/V, HTN, alopecia, hirsutism

Question 15

Aminoglutethimide(cytadren)

Answer 15

N/V, sedation, hypothyroidism

Question 16

Ketoconazole(Nizoral)

Answer 16

hepatotoxicity, gynecomastia, nausea

Question 17

Mitotane(lysodren)

Answer 17

N/V, lethargy, somnolence, hypercholesterolemia

Question 18

Spironolactone

Answer 18

hyperkalemia, gynecomastia

Question 19

Octreotide

Answer 19

N, D, hyperglycemia, arrhythmias, hypothyroidism, cholelithiasis

Question 20

Bromocriptine and Ergot alkaloid

Answer 20

N/V, HA, dizziness, hypotension

Question 21

Pegvisomant

Answer 21

N,D, AST & ALT elevations

Question 22

Genotropin

Answer 22

slipped capital femoral epiphysis, idiopathic intracranial hypertension

Question 23

Mescasermin

Answer 23

***Hypoglycemia, dizziness, arthralgias

Question 24

Bromocriptine

Answer 24

N/V, HA, dizziness, hypotension

Question 25

Cabergoline

Answer 25

N/V, HA, dizziness, hypotension, reports of valvular heart disease when high dose used

Question 26

Glucocorticoids

Answer 26

Withdrawal of therapy= flare up of underlying disease, acute adrenal insufficiencyGeneral: wt gain, increase appetiteCNS: mood changes- euphoria leads to depression, psychosisOpthamology: cataracts later in life, **Glaucoma due to increased intraocular pressureCV: HTN, dyslipidemiaHeme: immunosuppression, infection, impaired wound healingGI: Peptic ulcer disease, suppression of response to H. pyloriBone: osteoporosis (prevent w/ bisphos + calcium and Vit D), Aseptic necrosis of hip, growth suppression, myopathyEndocrine: cushing’s syndrome, adrenal suppression, glucose intolerance/ DMmineral corticoid ADRSkin: Acne, easy bruising, thin skin, striae