pharm quiz 6 Flashcards
antihypertensives through thiazide diuretics
silent killer
hypertension
untreated HTN leads to
atherosclerosis and congestive heart failure
high bp for pt less than 60 years/kidney disease/ or DM
140/90
high bp in pts over 60
150/90
primary HTN
AKA: idiopathic
90% of population
secondary HTN
10% of population
blood pressure =?
COxSVR=BP
SVR=?
vasoconstriction/dilation
cardiac output =?
SVxHR
48L/min
normal SV in adults
about 70mL
preload
amount of blood going into the heart (volume)
afterload
the amount of blood going out of the heart (pressure)
sympathetic nervous system receptors
alpha 1
alpha 2
beta 1
beta 2
dopamine
2 things that make up cardiac output
cardiac factors and circulating volume
sympathetic neurotransmitter
norepinephrine
alpha 1 receptors activated by what and affects what
NE; vasoconstriction, constriction of sphincters of GI and GU tract, mydriasis of pupil
alpha 1 blockers MOA
prevents NE from causing vasoconstriction; relaxes smooth muscle around the prostate and bladder neck
A1 indications
HTN, relieve symptoms of benign prostatic hyperplasia, manage severe HF
A1 SE
- orthostatic HTN
- first dose effect (drops BP)
- dizziness
- HA
- nasal congestion
- decreased libido
- impotence
A1 teaching
rebound HTN if d/c
A1 additive effects
- when given with other anti-HTN meds
- check trends
- question of SBP <110
A1 examples
doxaZOSIN
teraZOSIN
tamsulosin
Alpha 2 angonist MOA
- centrally acting
- stimulate a2-adrenergic receptors in the brain
- decreased sympathetic outflow from CNS
A2 agonist indications
- HTN
- dysmenorrhea
- menopausal flushing
- glaucoma
- migraines
- manage withdrawal symptoms
A2 agonist teaching
- don’t d/c abruptly –> rebound HTN
- hypotension
- additive effects
A2 agonist examples
- clonidine
- methyldopa
methyldopa is DOC for what
HTN in pregnancy
Beta 1 receptors in the heart do what
- HR
- force of contraction
- velocity of conduction in AV node
beta 1 receptors in pancreas
decreased insulin
Beta 1 receptors in kidneys
renin release
