Pharm quiz 1 - Antihypertensives/Diuretics Flashcards
What type of medication is Spironolactone (Aldactone)
K sparing diuretic, Aldosterone receptor antagonist
What type of medication is Furosemide (Lasix)
Antihypertensive, loop diuretic
What type of medication is Hydrochlorothiazide?
Antihypertensive, thiazide diuretic
What type of medication is Metoprolol?
Beta blocker, antihypertensive
What type of medication is Amlodipine (Norvasc)
Antihypertensive, Ca channel blocker
What type of medication is Diltiazem (Cardizem)
Antihypertensive, Ca channel blocker
What type of medication is Lisinopril?
Antihypertensive, angiotensin converting ACE inhibitor
What type of medication is Losartan?
Antihypertensive, angiotensin II receptor blocker
Spironolactone MOA
antagonizes aldosterone in the distal tubules, increasing sodium and water excretion
Furosemide MOA
Inhibits sodium and chloride reabsorption at the proximal and distal tubules and the ascending loop of Henle.
Hydrochlorothiazide MOA
Hydrochlorothiazide inhibits sodium reabsorption in the distal tubules, causing increased excretion of sodium, water, and chloride as well as potassium and hydrogen ions.
Metoprolol MOA
A selective beta blocker that selectively blocks beta1 receptors; decreases cardiac output, peripheral resistance, and cardiac oxygen consumption; and depresses renin secretion.
Amlodipine MOA
Stops calcium from entering the cells of the heart and blood vessels. This relaxes the blood vessels and lowers blood pressure, increasing supply of blood and oxygen to the heart while reducing its workload.
Diltiazem MOA
Inhibits calcium ion influx across cardiac and smooth-muscle cells, decreasing myocardial contractility and oxygen demand. Drug also dilates coronary arteries and arterioles.
Lisinopril MOA
Lisinopril inhibits ACE, leading to decreased angiotensin II production, decreased aldosterone secretion, and increased potassium level.
Losartan MOA
Inhibits vasoconstrictive and aldosterone-secreting action of angiotensin II by blocking angiotensin II receptor on the surface of vascular smooth muscle and other tissue cells.
Losartan nursing interventions
- monitor blood pressure
- monitor renal function
- monitor potassium
- assess HR and fluid levels
Lisinopril nursing interventions
- monitor serum K, BUN, CR
- monitor BP
- cough, angioedema
- monitor glucose if diabetic
- avoid Na subs
Diltiazem nursing interventions
- monitor BP and HR
- auscultate heart sounds
- don’t give grapefruit juice
- assess for edema (hidden)
Amlodipine nursing interventions
- monitor HR and BP
- assess for signs of HF
Metoprolol nursing interventions
- monitor HR and BP
- monitor glucose if diabetic
- do not give if asthma or COPD
Hydrochlorothiazide nursing interventions
- monitor BP
- monitor for hypo of all electrolytes
- monitor for decreased visual acuity
Furosemide nursing interventions
- monitor BP and HR
- monitor for hypo of all electrolytes
- fluid intake & output
Spironolactone nursing interventions
- monitor electrolytes (increases K, decreases the others)
- monitor renal function & for hyper K
- monitor BP
- avoid Na subs
