Different Types Of Insulin Flashcards
Insulin Lispro Humalog
-Onset < 15min
-Duration 2-4 hr
Give 15 mins before meal and/ or bedtime
Regular Insulins
Humulin R
Novolin R
-Onset 30 min
-Duration 3-5 hr
Give 30 mins before meal and/ or bedtime
Premeal bolus insulin :
Covers only food that patient has.
→ If patient is NPO, follow NPO scale.
Correction scale (ascending) or sliding scale :
Covers only hyperglycemia before meals and bedtime → ok to give even if patient is NPO
Rapid/Short-acting insulins
Uses for premeal bolus & correction scale or sliding scale
Lispro Humalog
Regular Insulins
Humulin R / Novolin R
Intermediate-acting insulin
Usually for patients on tube feeds
NPH
Humulin N / Novolin N
NPH
Humulin N / Novolin N
-Onset 2-4 hr
-Duration 10-16 hr
Typically given ghs, bid or tid.
Usually held for NPO.
only cloudy insulin
Uses for basal insulin
Insulin Glargine Lantus
Insulin Detemir Levemir
Insulin Glargine Lantus
-Onset 3-4 hr
-Duration 24 hr
Typically given qday or bid.
Do not hold for NPO unless specified.
Insulin Detemir Levemir
-Onset 3-4 hr
-Duration 6-23 hr
Typically given qday or bid.
Do not hold for NPO unless specified.
Sodium-glucose cotransport inhibitors
Cangliflazin-invokana
Dapagliflazin-farxiga
MOA
Prevent kidney reabsorption of glucose that is filtered from the blood into urine
Sodium-glucose cotransport inhibitors
Cangliflazin-invokana
Dapagliflazin-farxiga
S/S
Hypoglycemia
Dehydration, hyponatremia, UTI, increase risk of genital yeast infection
Lower BP
DPP4 inhibitor
Sitagliptin- januvia
MOA
Breakdown of natural gut hormones. Inhibitors prevent breakdown of lower glucagon
DPP4 inhibitor
Sitagliptin- januvia
S/S
Hypoglycemia
Biguanide
Metformin-glucophage
MOA
Decrease liver glucose production and decrease intestinal absorption of glucose. Increased peripheral glucose uptake and utilization.
