IV Therapy Flashcards
IV solutions & types of catheters
What are the 4 main reasons for using IV therapy?
- maintain or correct fluid balance
- maintain or correct electrolyte, acid-base balance
- administer medications
- replace blood/blood products
How are solutions classified by?
its concentration (tonicity)
what is osmolarity?
concentration of dissolved particles (electrolytes)
What is the osmolarity of an isotonic solution?
270-300
What are the 3 most common isotonic solutions?
0.9 NaCl, lactated ringer, and D5W
What is someone on isotonic solution at risk for?
Fluid volume overload
What is the osmolarity of a hypertonic solution?
greater than 300
What 4 solutions are hypertonic?
TPN, D5 Normal Saline, D5 1/2 Normal Saline, D5 Lactated ringer
What is a hypotonic solution?
1/2 NS (0.45% NaCl)
What is saline (0.9% NaCl) used for?
increasing circulating plasma volume when RBC are adequate
What is 1/2 NS (0.45% NaCl) used for?
to raise total fluid volume
What is lactated ringer used for?
replace fluid and buffer pH (contains K, Mg, CaCl)
what is D5W used for?
raise total fluid volume (also restore blood glucose levels and provide calories)
what is D5 NS used for?
replace fluid Na, Cl, and calories
what is D5 1/2 NS used for?
maintenance of body fluids, nutrition, or for rehydration
What is D5 LR used for?
replace fluid, buffer pH, and provide calories
What do you want to monitor the patient for when on D5 NS or D5 LR?
Fluid volume overload
D5 1/2 NS is a common ______________ fluid
postoperative