Pharm: Opioids Flashcards
1
Q
4 classes of opioids and examples?
A
- Phenanthrenes = most of them. Morphine, Codeine, Hydrocodone, Oxy, Heroin
- Benzomorphans = Diphenoxylate, Loperamide
- Phenylpiperidines = Fentanyl, Sufentanil
- Diphenylheptanes = Methadone
2
Q
3 fxntl classes of opioids?
A
- Agonist = Morphine, Oxy, Methadone, etc
- Mixed = Pentazocine, Buprenorphine, Butorphanol, Nalbuphine
- Antagonist = Naloxone, Naltrexone
3
Q
Concerns related to AE of opioids (3)
BBW?
A
- CNS depression
- Constipation = may cause issue in those w unstable angina
- Hypotension = syncope. Caution in ppl with hypovolemia and CV disease
BBW = fatal resp depression may occur
4
Q
Peptide affinity of opioid receptors (3)
A
- mu = endorphins > enkephalin > dynorphins
- delta = enkephalins > endorphons/dynorphins
- kappa = dynorphins >> endorphins/enkephalins
Methadone is full agonist at mu receptor. Partial agonists (buprenorphine) affect all 3 receptors. Antagonists (naltrexone) block mu only.
5
Q
What degrees of tolerance develop for opioid addicts?
A
6
Q
What drugs will cause CNS/resp depression when added to opioids?
Sedation and CV effects?
Hyperpyrexic coma and HTN?
A
- Sedative hypnotics = inc CNS/resp depression
- Antipsychotics = inc sedation and CV effects
- MAOIs = hyperpyrexic coma and HTN
7
Q
Naloxone
A
8
Q
Naltrexone
A