Misc Pharm Flashcards
effective topical rx for actinic keratoses. causes fast proliferating cell to die thymidine-less death. necrosis and erosion leads to re-epithelialization
5-FU
which glucocorticoids should be added to the face?
low potency
synthetic topical antimycotic agent w broad spectrum
ciclopirox
macrolide that is not CYP450 inc. taken up by phagocytes and released @ site of infection
azithromycin
topical antimicrobial used to rx acne. skin irritant and may bleach things
benzoyl peroxide
blocking of this radiation was only goal of sun screen. can treat psoriasis
UVB
wound covering preferred during grans/re-epitheliazation phases
low adherence
otc drug used to treat jock itch. inactive to yeast
tolnaftate
broad spectrum antimicrobial widely used in homes and hospitals bc of low skin irritability
chlorhexidine
for best healing keep wounds
moist
radiation that doesnt cause sunburn, but does cause aging and carcinogenesis. used to rx psoriasis w psoralens under strict supervision
uva
topical retinoid. alters gene expression to nml keratinization and reduce comedomes
t-retinoid
good distractior that does not promote wound healing
egf
peptide abx w efficacy against g- including pseudomonas, detergent like effects that damage cell membrane
polymixin B
oral insecticide to Rx ectoparasites. bind glutamate act Cl channels to hyperpolarize membrane
ivermectine
class of adrenergic applied topically to rx rosacea
alpha
organophosphate AchE inh that kills ectoparasites
malathion
synthetic insecticide like chrysanthemums. blocks membrane repolarizing
permethrin
old remedy for psoriasis
tar
late choice to rx ectoparasites. works by disrupting GABAergic transmission
lindane
tetracycline to rx acne. can cause dark pigmentation in skin and sclera
minocycline
class of antifungals that block ergosterol synth
imidazoles
prototypical non-steroid androgen antag, used in prostate cx and male pattern baldness in women
flutamide
inh of the signalling pathway can rx advanced BCC
hedgehog
potent vdl due to hyperpol via act of K channels. apply topically to grow hair
minoxidil
systemic therapy to rx tinea versicolor
fluconazole
formation of these after drug application to skin can prolong half-life long enough for 1/day dosing
reservoir
antifungal with topical effects limited to candida. may stain skin yellow
amphotericin B
platelet derived gf. stimulates diabetic ulcer repair. use w caution bc cx risk
becaplermin
anti-inflamm agent w keratolytic effects. dissolves intracellular cement and rx acne
salicylic acid
peptide abx w g+ act and some anaerobes. only topical application bc systemic toxicity
bacitracin
rx for actinic keratosis derived from Euphorbia peplus. causes chemoablation and neutrophil mediated ab dependent cytotoxicity – eliminating remaining tumor cells
ingenolmebutate
blocks conversion of testosterone to androgen DHT. Rx for male baldness and 2nd line in women
finasteride
agents like: glycerin, lecithin & propylene glycol. draws water out of outer layer of skin.
humectants
cyclosporin and tacrolimus are among these agents. revolutionized transplant therapy bc didn’t cause bone marrow suppression
calcineuron inh
ab against IL12 and IL23 to rx psoriasis
ustekinumab
biologic dmard directed against IL17a. rx for psoriasis
secukinumab
component of plant defenses against bacteria. active against P. acne
azaleic acid
macrolide abx, used for topical and systemic rx of acne. well known CYP450 inh
erythromycin
topical agent used for jock itch, athletes foot, and nail infections.
terbinafine
topical immune response modifier used to treat actinic keratoses and BCC/SCC. also used to rx genital warts
imiquimod
oral retinoid for severe acne.
isoretinoid
oral PDE4 inh used for plaque psoriasis
apremilast
partial agonist at CXCR4, for homing of stem cells.
plerixafor
severe if count below 500. sx include sore mouth, low grade fever, and severe swallowing pain.
neutropenia
causes n/v, diarrhea, and constipation. heart burn, and dark stool
iron tablets
antiarrythmic, causes drug induced thrombocytopenia
quinidine
ex of oral iron pill
ferrous sulfate
recombinant gm-csf acts in bone marrow to inc neutrophils, eosinophils, and monocytes.
sargramostim
recombinant IL11. early agent that inc platelet levels
oprelvekin
recombinant g-csf. inc growth of neutrophil progenitors and mature ones
filgrastim
ae: fluid retention, dyspnea bc of granulocyte sequestration in pulm circulation, “gasping syn” in infants
sargramostim
reason to admin filgrastim w/or w/out plerixafor. mobilizes hematopoetic progenitors
leukopheresis
reason oxygen can be stripped from blood and stored in muscle
myoglobin
AE of filgrastim, sargramostim, and EPO
bone pain
aka c-kit. potent syndergistic effects on progenitor cells. cant be used bc of mast cell effects
stem cell factor
type of anemia assc w cephalosporins and penicillin
hemolytic
anemia where rbc dbl protein but cant make DNA
macrocytic
mc cause of drug-induced thrombocytopenia
heparin
can be severe w oral iron admin
gi distress
needed to make methionine from homocysteine and tetrahydrofolate from 5-methylTHF
vit b12
sx that justifies parenteral vit b12
neuro
use for iv admin of iron if intolerance to oral forms
iron dextran
gi ae of folate def
mouth ulcers
orally active non-peptide thrombopoietin agonist for Rx of ITP and thrombocytopenia of hep C
eltrombopag
iron chelator
deferoxamine
using this for analgesia can lead to vit b12 def
nitrous oxide
atypical form of this is indication for eculizumab
HUS
life-threatening ae of chemo.
neutropenic fever
aa sequence identical to epo. treat anemia 2nd to CKD or chemo
epoetin alfa
prevents formation of MAC to treat PNH (CD59 or DAF def)
eculizumab
nanoparticle used to treat iron def
ferumoxytil
reduces bioavailability or oral iron
enteric coating
indication for romiplostin/eltrombopag after 1st choice fails
ITP
peptibody that stimulates thrombopoietin receptor to promote platelet production
romiplostim
