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Exams > PHARM list Final Drugs > Flashcards

PHARM list Final Drugs Flashcards

1
Q

(Adenosine) Class:
Dynamics:

Administering notes:

A

= Nucleoside, Misc/ Antiarrhythmic
= binds to adenosine A1 receptors thus efflux of K & inhibits Ca influx (in AR cells), thus hyperpolarization/slows AV of ARcells (SA/AV node)
= rapid IVP followed by rapid flush(20ml) & can be accomplished best w/ utilizing 3-way stopcock

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2
Q

(Adenosine) Indications:

Contra:

Side Effects:
1st dose:
2nd dose:
Dosage note:

A

= 1st line med w/ stable narrow complex SVT, Regular & monomorphic wide-complex tachycardia thought from reentry SVT (SVT w/ BBB)
= A-fib/ A-flutter, Torsades de pointes, Poison/drug-induced T-cardia, 2/3rd AVB, WPW, DOESNT CONVERT A-FIB/FLUTTER
= small period asystole & ventricular ectopy are common after admin
= 6mg rapid IV/O push followed w/ rapid flush of fluid
= 12mg rapid IV/O push followed w/ rapid flush of fluid
= half 1st dose in PTs receiving dipyridamole or carbamazepine, heart transplant, Or if by central access

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3
Q

(Albuterol) Class:
Dynamics:
Indi:
Contra:

A

= B/Adrenergic agonist
= B agonist w/ preference for B2 receptors
= Bronchospasm, Allergies/anaphylaxis, Hyperkalemia
= hypersensitivity

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4
Q

(Albuterol) Effects:
Adult Dose:
Pedi Dose:

A

= Palpitations, Anxiety, Jitters, H/A, Dizziness, Tachycardia
= 2.5mg/3ml SVN: Every 15-20 Mins as needed
= 1.25-2.5mg/1.5-3mL SVN: Every 15-20 Mins as needed

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5
Q

(Amiodarone) Class:
Dynamics:
Indi:

B/c its toxicity indi:
W/ expert consultation may be used for:
Terminal elimination:

A

= Class III antiarrhythmic
= Slows K+ efflux delaying repolarization
= VF/Pulseless VT-no/response to shock CPR & Epi, Recurrent hemodynamically unstable VT w/ pulse
= PT w/ life-threatening arrhythmias w/ monitoring
= some atrial & ventricular rhythms w/ life-threatening hypoBP
= Extremely long (half-life lasts max 40 days)

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6
Q

(Amiodarone) Contra:
Effects:
Caution b/c:

A

= Allergic, Bradycardias w/ AV blocks, Breastfeeding mothers
= Severe hypotension, Bradycardia, Prolong QT which can lead to TdP
= Toxicity, Causes severe BP drop, Prolong QT which can lead to TdP

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7
Q

(Amiodarone) Max total dose per day:
Slow Infusion dose:
Maintenance Infusion dose:
VF/Pulseless & VT Cardiac Arrest Unresponsive 1st Dosage:
VF/Pulseless & VT Cardiac Arrest Unresponsive 2nd Dosage:
Life-Threatening Arrhythmia 1st Dosage:
Life-Threatening Arrhythmia 2nd Dosage:

A

= 2.2 grams
= 360 mg IV 6Hrs (1mg/min)
= 540 mg IV 18Hrs (0.5 mg/min)
= 1st Dose: 300 mg IV/O push
= 2nd Dose: 150 mg IV/O push if needed
= 1st Dose: Rapid Infusion 150 mg/10 mins (15 mg/min)
= 2nd Dose: 150mg/10 mins (15 mg/min) if needed

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8
Q

(Atropine) Class:
Dynamics:

A

= Parasympatholytic
= Selectively blocks M-receptors inhibiting PSNS thus SNS takes over

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9
Q

(Atropine) Ind:

Contra:

Caution w/ b/c med:

A

= 1st line med for sinus Bcardia, Maybe beneficial w/ AV nodal block, Organophosphate poisoning
=Allergic, caution w/ H. ischemia, hypothermBcardia (<84) <0.5mg dose make Parasympathomimetic effects
= Myocardial ischemia & hypoxia b/c med +myocardial O2 demands

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10
Q

(Atropine) Effects:
Max dose:
Bradycardia (w/ or w/o ACS) dose:
Severe clinical conditions dose:
Organophosphate Poisoning Dose:

A

= Blurred vision, Dry mouth, Mydriasis, Confusion
= 0.04 mg/kg or 3 mg
= 1 mg IVP 3-5 mins as needed w/ max dose 3mg or 0.04 mg/kg
= 1 mg IVP every 3 mins w/ max dose 3mg or 0.04 mg/kg
= 2-4 mg (or higher) IVP

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11
Q

(Ipratropium/Atrovent) Class:
Dynamics:
Indi:
Contra:

A

= Selective-Parasympatholytic
= Anticholinergic Selectively block M-receptors: Synergism w/ Albuterol
= Bronchospasm w/ obstructive lung-disease (asthma,COPD)
= hypersensitivity, No/Lil effect given by itself

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12
Q

(Ipratropium/Atrovent) Effects:
Adult Dose:
Pedi Dose:

A

= Blurry-vision, Dry mouth, Dilated pupils, Dry Cough, Confusion
= 500 mcg/2.5 mL via neb
= 250-500 mcg/1.25-2.5 mL via neb

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13
Q

(Dextrose) Class:
Dynamics:
Indi:
Contra:
Effects:

A

= Carbohydrate
= Water-soluble monosaccharide
= Correction of hypoglycemia
= Known hyperglycemia
= Tissue necrosis w/ extravasation, May worsen hyperglycemia

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14
Q

(Dextrose) Adult Dose:
Pedi Dose:

A

= 25G IV/IO or D10 in 50 mL(5G) IV/IO boluses (max 250 mL)
= 5-10 mL’s/kg of D10

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15
Q

(Diltiazem) Class:
Dynamics:
Indi:

Contra:

A

= Class IV Antiarrhythmic (Ca Channel Blocker)
= Slows AP of autorhythmic cells by blocking Ca-channels
= 1st line med for A-Fib/Flutter with RVR (>150BPM), 2nd line med for SVT after adenosine admin/
= SBP<90, CHF/Cardio Shock, Wide-Complex T/cardia, WPW, Hypersensitivity

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16
Q

(Diltiazem) Effects:
1st dose:
2nd dose:

A

= HypoBP, Severe CHF used w/ Beta-Blockers, N/V/D, Dizziness, H/A
= 0.25 mg/kg (max dose 20 mg)
= 0.35 mg/kg (max dose 25 mg)

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17
Q

(Dopamine) class:
Action:

A

= Sympathetic agonist
= A/B-adrenergic agonist, Rate dependent, vasopressor. +/otropics

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18
Q

(Dopamine) Indi:
Contra:
DONT:

A

= CHF, HypoBP/shock signs, 2nd-line Bcardia (after Atropine w/Adult)
= hypovolemic PTs til Vol replacement, Pheochromocytoma his
= MIX W/ Sodium-Bicarb!!! & open WIDE OPEN!

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19
Q

(Dopamine) Effects:

Dosing:
Adult & Pedi Cardiac dose:
Adult & Pedi Vasopressor dose:

A

= Hypertension, Palpitations, H/A, Dizziness, Can worsen cardiac ischemia, Tissue necrosis W/ Extravasation
= 2–20 mcg/kg/min Titrate to patients response
= 5-10mcg/kg/min
= 10-20 mcg/kg/min

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20
Q

(Epi 1:10,) Class:
Dynamics:
Indications:
Contraindications:

A

= Sympathomimetic
= Powerful Alpha & Beta agonist
= Cardiac arrest, Bcardia, Normovolemic hypoBP, Anaphylaxis, Asthma
= rewards over risks so really none

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21
Q

(Epi 1:10,) Effects:

Admin via:
(Adult) Cardiac Arrest dose:
(Adult) Bradycardia dose:
(PEDI) Bradycardia/Cardiac Arrest dose:
(PEDI) Hypoperfusion & Severe anaphylaxis dose:

A

= Palpitations, Anxiety, Jitters, H/A, Dizziness, HyperBP, Tcardia, Can worsen cardiac ischemia
= IV infusion drip
= 1mg IVP/IOP every 3-5 mins
= 2-10 mcg/min IV/IO infusion
= 0.01 mg/kg or 0.1 mL/kg
= 0.1-1 mcg/kg/min infusion by Mixing 1mg of Epi 1:10 into 1L IV bag

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22
Q

(Epi 1:1,) Class:
Dynamics:
Indi:
Contra:

A

= Sympathomimetic, SNS
= Potent A/B-agonist
= Severe bronchospasm, Allergies/anaphylaxis
= Few in emergent setting, Benefits>Risks, NEVER WITH-HOLD

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23
Q

(Epi 1:1,) Effects:
Admin/ via:
Adult Dose:
Pedi Dose:

A

= Can worsen H-ischemia, Palp/s, Anxiety, Jitters, H/A, Dizzy, Tcardia
= IM
= 0.3 mg(Asthma/COPD) & Up to 0.5 mg for anaphylaxis
= 0.01 mg/kg IM w/ max dose of 0.3 mg

24
Q

(Glucagon) Class:
Action:

A

= Hormone
= +BGL w/ lysis of glycogen to glucose (IM route) Binds to Glucagon receptors & stim/s adenyl cyclase raising cAMP (IV route). Increase cAMP makes up-regulation of Ca-channels in SA & AV nodal cells

25
Q

(Glucagon) Indi:

Contra:
Effects:

A

= Hypoglycemia w/ IV/IO not obtainable, Bradycardia suspected from Beta-Blocker or Ca-Channel Blocker OD
= Hypersensitivity & Bradycardia from other etiology
= Anxiety, Palp/s, H/A, N/V, Increased BGL(can led to hyperglycemia)

26
Q

(Glucagon) Hypoglycemia Adult Dose:
Hypoglycemia Pedi Doses:

A

= 1 mg IM/IN
= <20Kg 0.5 mg IM/IN & >20Kg 1mg IM/IN

27
Q

(Lidocaine) Class:
Dynamics:

A

= Class Ib Antiarrhythmic
= Blocks Na channels in cardiac cells thus depolarization slows & decreases automaticity

28
Q

(Lidocaine) Ind:

Contra:

Effects:

A

= Stable monomorphic VT w/ preserved LVF & Alternative to Amiodarone in cardiac arrest by VF/pVT
= Shouldn’t use if PT already received IV Ca channel blockers, Not given prophylactically in AMI setting
= Drowsiness, Slurred Speech, Confusion, Seizures, Hypotension

29
Q

(Lidocaine) Max dose:
Cardiac Arrest from VF/pVT dose:
Refractory VF dose:
Perfusing Arrhythmia dose:
Maintenance Infusion dose:

A

= 3 mg/kg
= 1-1.5 mg/kg IV/IO
= may give additional 0.5-0.75 mg/kg IV/IO in 5-10 mins
= 1-1.5 mg/kg IV/IO
= 1-4mg/min (30-50 mcg/kg/min)

30
Q

(Mag-Sulfate) Class:
Dynamics:

A

= Misc. Airway med, Mineral, powerful noradrenergic bronchodilator
= Organic Salt act as a physiologic Ca-channel blocker Bronchodilator

31
Q

(Mag-Sulfate) Indi:

Contra:
Effects:

A

= PT not responding well to B2 adrenergic meds, Bronchial asthma, Torsades des pointes, Eclampsia
= High-degree HB, Shock, Dialysis, Hypocalcemia, V-Fib/P-less, V-Tach
= Flushing, Sweating, B-cardia, Resp/ depres/, Hypothermia

32
Q

(Mag-Sulfate) Effects:
Bronchodilation Adult Dose:
Bronchodilation Pedi Dose:

A

= Flushing, Sweating, B-cardia, Resp/ depres/, Hypothermia
= 1-2G IV/IO over 10-20 mins (Infusion)
= 25-50 mg/kg IV/IO (max 2G) over 15-30 mins (Infusion)

33
Q

(Narcan) Class:
Dynamics:
Indi:
Contra:

Effects:
Dose:

A

= Competitive opiate antagonist
= Finds & fights for opiate receptor spot
= Dilated pupils & resp/ depres/ suspected from opiate OD
= SBP<100 or DBP30<, SBP# drops 10/>, B-cardia (<50BPM), T-cardia (>100BPM), ingested ED meds in last 48 hours
= H/A, Hypotension,
= 0.4mg IN/IM w/ max 2ml

34
Q

(NORepi) Class:
dynamics:

A

= Synthetic hormone Vaso-pressor “Sepsis med”
= A/B-adrenergic agonist (A effects > B effects)

35
Q

(NORepi) Indi:
Contra:
Effects:

A

= Normovolemic hypotension, Septic shock, Cardiogenic shock
= hypovolemia PTs til’ Vol/replacement occurred
= Hypertension, Organ ischemia, Cardiac arrhythmia, Tissue necrosis w/ extravasation, Palpitations, Anxiety, N/V

36
Q

(NORepi) Adult Dose:
Pediatric Dose:

A

= 0.1–0.5 mcg/kg/min IV/IO infusion
= 0.1–2 mcg/kg/min IV/IO infusion

37
Q

(Solu-Medrol) Class:
Dynamic:
Indi:
Contra:

A

= Synthetic pulmonary glucocorticoid Anti-inflammatory
= Suppresses immune response
= Bronchial asthma, COPD, Anaphylaxis
= Hypersensitivity

38
Q

(Solu-Medrol) Effects:
Adult Dose:
Pedi Dose:

A

= Increase BGL, delayed effects (rarely seen Pre-hospital)
= 125-250 mg IV/IO
= 2 mg/kg IV/IO to Max 60 mg

39
Q

(Terbutaline) Class:
Dynamics:

A

= Smooth muscle relaxer, Selective Sympathetic agonist
= B agonist w/ relaxation of bronchospasm & Chronotropic effect< Epi

40
Q

(Terbutaline) Indi:

Contra:
Effects:
Dose:

A

= Asthma, Reversible airway obstruction from w/ bronchitis or emphysema, Preterm labor
= hypersensitivity, PTs <12 years
= Palpitations, Anxiety, Jitters, H/A, Dizziness, Tachycardia
= 0.25mg IM

41
Q

6 mg & 12mg rapid IV/O push followed w/ rapid flush of fluid)MED:

A

= Adenosine

42
Q

2.5 mg/3 mL SVN every 15-20 minutes as needed)MED
& 1.25-2.5 mg/1.5-3 mL SVN every 15-20mins as needed)MED

A

= Albuterol (adult)
(PEDI)

43
Q

2.2 grams Max & Med:
360 mg IV 6Hrs (1mg/min) for:
540 mg IV 18Hrs (0.5 mg/min) for:
1st Dose: 300 mg IVP & 2nd Dose:150 mg if needed for:
1st Dose: Rapid Infusion 150 mg/10 mins (15 mg/min) & 2nd Dose 150mg/10 mins (15 mg/min) if needed for:

A

= (Amiodarone) & max infusion dose
=Slow Infusion dose
=Maintenance Infusion dose
= VF/Pulseless & VT Cardiac Arrest Unresponsive 1st & 2nd Dosage
= Life-Threatening Arrhythmia 1st Dosage & Life-Threatening Arrhythmia 2nd Dosage

44
Q

1 mg IVP every 3-5 minutes as needed, max 3 mg:
1 mg IVP every 3 minutes:
dose: 2-4 mg IVP or more

A

= (Atropine) Normal bradycardia
= Severe Clinical Conditions dose
= organophosphate poisoning

45
Q

500 mcg/2.5 mL via nebulizer FOR MED
250-500 mcg/1.25-2.5 mL via nebulizer FOR

A

(Ipratropium (Atrovent) Adult
PEDI

46
Q

25G IV/IO or D10 in 50 mL IV boluses (max 250mL) FOR MED
5-10 mL/kg of D10 FOR

A

(Dextrose) Adult
Pedi

47
Q

0.25 mg/kg (max dose 20 mg) FOR MED
0.35 mg/kg (max dose 25 mg) FOR=

A

(Diltiazem) 1st
2nd

48
Q

2-20 mcg/kg/min IV infusion, titrate to effect
5-10 mcg/kg/min
10-20 mcg/kg/min

A

(Dopamine) dose range
Cardiac dose
Vaso-pressor dose

49
Q

1 mg IVP/IO every 3-5 minutes FOR
2-10 mcg/min IV/IO infusion FOR
0.01 mg/kg IV/IO FOR
0.1-1 mcg/kg/min IV/IO infusion FOR

A

(EPI 1:10, ) Cardiac arrest
= Adult Bradycardia dose
= Pedi Bradycardia/Cardiac Arrest dose:
= Pedi Hypoperfusion & Anaphylaxis dose

50
Q

0.3 mg & up to 0.5 mg IM> FOR
0.01 mg/kg IM, (max 0.3 mg) FOR

A

(EPI 1:1, ) (asthma/COPD) & (anaphylaxis)
PEDI

51
Q

1 mg IM/IN> FOR
>20 kg 1mg IM/IN & <20 kg 0.5 mg IM/IN> FOR

A

(Glucagon) hypoglycemia
PEDIs

52
Q

1-1.5 mg/kg IV/IO (Max 3mg)
0.5-0.75 mg/kg IV/IO in 5-10 minutes
1-1.5 mg/kg IV/IO
1-4 mg/min (30-50 mcg/kg/min)

A

(Lidocaine) Cardiac Arrest from VF/pVT dose
Refractory VF additional dose
Perfusing Arrhythmia dose:
Maintenance Infusion dose:

53
Q

1-2G IV/IO 10-20 mins
25-50 mg/kg IV/IO 15-30 mins(max 2G)15-30 mins

A

(Mag-Sulfate) Adult Bronchodilation dose:
Pedi Bronchodilation dose:

54
Q

0.1–0.5 mcg/kg/min IV/IO infusion
0.1–2 mcg/kg/min IV/IO infusion

A

(NORepi) Adult
Pedi

55
Q

125-250 mg IV/IO
(Max 60 mg) 2 mg/kg IV/IO

A

(Solu-Medrol) Adult
PEDI

56
Q

0.25mg IM

A

(Terbutaline)

Exams (10 decks)

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