Pharm Intro Flashcards
Any drug that affects the central nervous system and alters consciousness and/or perceptions
Psychoactive substance
The branch of science that examines how psychoactive substances taken to alter bodily functions or enhance bodily functions interact with the brain and body
Pharmacology
The physical signs and symptoms of a psychoactive substance.
Physiological effects
Alterations in perception and or judgment caused by a psychoactive substance
Psychological effects
Physiological and psychological effects of two or more psychoactive substances that are administered simultaneously
Chemical interaction
Signs and symptoms that occur when an individual who is physically dependent upon a psychoactive substance discontinues its use
Withdrawal
The method of detoxification, stabilization and maintenance that is unique to each client in order to facilitate sobriety
Treatment applications
After repeated administration, a given dose of a psychoactive substance produces a decreased effect or, conversely, when increasingly larger doses must be administered to obtain the effect observed with the original dose
Tolerance
The ability of pharmacologically similar psychoactive substances to substitute one other in relation to tolerance preventing and withdrawal symptoms
Cross-tolerance
The process of eliminating all psychoactive substances from an individuals body
Detoxification
The level of risk associated with a psychoactive substance that potentially leads to repeated use and/or dependence
Abuse liability
Psychoactive substances that have a demonstrated abuse liability and are regulated by the dea
Controlled substances
Psychoactive substances specifically invented with a different molecular chemical formula of similar controlled substances to evade law-enforcement
Designer psychoactive substance
A series of cells that prevents certain chemicals from reaching the brain
Blood brain barrier
Buy products from liver breaking down a psychoactive substance that can be eliminated from the body
Metabolites
The process of breaking down a psychoactive substance from the body
Metabolism
The amount of time necessary to eliminate one half of the original dosage of the psychoactive substance from the body
Half-life
The process of ridding psychoactive substance from the body by excreting it either through urine feces sweat saliva or breath
Elimination
Substance that is legally obtained
Licit psychoactive substance
What is: Licit psychoactive substance
Substance that is legally obtained
What is illicit substance
Substance that is illegal to, purchase, manufacture or sale
The brain and the spinal cord
Central nervous system
What are all of the neurons outside of the central nervous system
The peripheral nervous system
An internal stability and balance that the central and peripheral nervous systems work to accomplish
Homeostasis
Part of the nervous system that is responsible for a persons state of arousal
Reticular activating system
Part of the CNS that’s responsible for emotion
Lambic system
Part of the CNS that’s responsible for involuntary and fine motor skills
Basal ganglia
Part of the limbic system that acts as a liaison between the CNS and the autonomic nervous system
Hypothalamus
Part of the limbic system that controls voluntary motor skills and sensory input
Cerebral cortex
A component of the PNS that monitors unconscious bodily functions, such as heart rate, breathing, and digestion.
Autonomic nervous system
A secondary system of the autonomic nervous system that, when activated, will increase breathing, heart rate, etc
Sympathetic nervous system
a secondary system of the autonomic nervous system that, when activated, will decrease breathing, heart rate, etc.
parasympathetic nervous system
the so-called building blocks of the nervous system that receive information form the neurotransmitters
neuron
a type of neurotransmitter that tells a neuron to send a message to its targeted cells
excitatory
a type of neurotransmitter that tells a neuron not to send a message to its targeted cells
inhibitory
the process by which neurotransmitters that have just reacted to a neuron are taken back into the original neuron
reuptake
a type of psychoactive substance that binds to a neuron and elicits a reaction as if it was a neurotransmitter
agonist
a type of psychoactive substance that binds to a neuron and prevents other neurotransmitters from binding to that neuron
antagonist
