Pharm- GI review questions Flashcards
What combination should be included in the treatment regimens of H. pylori infection-caused peptic ulcer?
antibiotics and inhibitors of gastric acid secretion
What is the most potent anti-acid agent thus is used as the first-line drug int he treatment of peptic ulcer and severe GERD?
Omeprazole
What agent should be used to cleanse the bowel and prepare for a colonoscopy?
balanced polyethylene glycol
55 y/o female, DM 1, severe bloating and abd distress, esp after meals. Eval consistent with diabetic gastroparesis. What is a prokinetic drug that could be used?
Metoclopramide (prokinetic drugs are D2 receptor antagonists)
Pt taking verapamil for HTN and angina is constipated. What is an osmotic laxative that can be given?
magnesium hydroxide
Prodrug absorbed from intestine, accumulates in parietal cells, undergoes conversion to active form, and irreversibly inhibits H+/K+ ATPase?
Omeprazole
First line anti-inflammatory drug in treatment of ulcerative colitis according to step-up approach?
Mesalamine
What drug is most appropriate for the treatment of a pt with Zollinger-Ellison syndrome resulting from a gastrinoma?
Omeprazole
40 y/o man has ulcerative colitis that is not controlled by a 5-aminosaliculate. What drug should be used next to induce remission according to step up approach?
Prednisone
34 y/o woman has IBS with diarrhea that is not responsive to convential therapies. Despite the small risk of severe constipation and ischemic colitis, the pt decides to being therapy with alosetron. Alostron is a ____ receptor ____.
5-HT3 receptor antagonist
On your way to an examination, you experience the vulnerable feeling that an attack of diarrhea is imminent. If you stopped at a drugstore, what antidiarrheal durg could you buy without a prescription even though it is related chemically to the strong opioid analgesics?
Loperamide
45 y/o man Dx with H. pylori infection-caused peptic ulcer. No allergies to Penicillin. What drug combination should he be started on?
clarithromycin, omeprazole, amoxicillin
Pt receiving highly emetogenic chemotherapy for metastatic carcinoma. To prevent chemotherapy-induced acute N/V she will be treated with what?
Ondansetron
Extrapyramidal dysfunction, including tardive dyskinesia, has occur with chronic administration of what?
Metoclopramide
A drug that blocks central NK1 neurokinin receptor, thus mainly used to prevent chemotherapy-induced delayed emesis is what?
Aprepitant
A drug that is combined with 5-HT3 and NK1 receptor antagonists to enhance their antiemetic effects is what?
Dexamethasone
60 y/o male pt with an incurable CA presents with complaint of constipation. He admits that his pain has become unendurable and his oncologist started treating him with an opioid. He tried several laxatives from a local pharmacy and none of them worked. What durg can be used to relieve his constipation?
Methylnaltrexone
What drug promotes the healing of gastric and duodenal ulcers primarily by enhancing GI defensive mechanisms?
Bismuth subsalicylate
30 y/o woman is Dx with IBS with constipation predominant. She treid different laxatives with no success. You decide to treat her with a newly approved drug that acts through elevating both intracellular and extracellular cGMP levels, thus increasing the frequency of the bowel mvmt and decreasing the activity of pain sensing nerves. What drug would you use?
Linaclotide
45 y/o woman suffers from abd pain and bloody diarrhea that has been Dx as Crohn’s disease. Budesonide failed to relieve her Sx. You decide to prescribe a more potent corticosteroid to induce remission. What drug is the most likely choice?
Prednisone
30 y/o woman with Hx of motion sickness asks for advice about a medication prepare her for a cruise trip. What is the best choice?
Scopolamine
In treating H. pylori infection-caused peptic ulcer, triple therapy regimen should include two Abx and what else?
PPI
Bismuth-based quadruple therapy includes two Abx, a PPI, and what?
Bismuth subsalicylate- duh
For pts with IBD whose Sx cannot be controlled by anti-inflammatory drugs and immunomodulators, what can be tried?
biologics
Long-term use of biologics in pts with IBD incresae the risk of what?
infection
After inducing remission with an oral corticosteroid in pts with IBD, the drug dose should be ____.
tapered and eventually stopped to reduce systemic side effects
35 y/o pregnant woman presents to the clinic with uncontrolled N/V. She is currently 3 wks pregnant. What is currently approved to treat her N/V?
doxylamine + pyridoxine
26 y/o woman with IBS constipation clamins that changes in her diet have not increased the fequenecy of her bowel mvmts or relieved her abdominal pain and bloating. You recommend fiber supplementation for her constipation. What can be used to address the abd pain?
SSRIs
30 y/o man is planning his trip to a remote area in a developing country. What drug should he take to prevent traveler’s diarrhea?
bismuth subsalicylate
23 y/o man with recent surgical removal of terminal ileum due to Crohn’s disease comes to your office with complaints of uncontrolled diarrhea. What class of drugs is most appropriate to treat this pt?
bile salt-binding resins
24 y/o woman with HIV positive is experiencing diarrhea. She is currently treated with antiretroviral drugs. What drug is most appropriate for her diarrhea?
Crofelemer
55 y/o woman is Dx with viral infection-caused vertigo. What drug is most appropriate to treat her Sx?
meclizine
