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IDIS GI Diseases Flashcards

1
Q

Etiologies of dental caries?

A

Streptococcus

  • S. Mutans
  • S. Sobrinus

Also

  • Lactobacillus casei
  • Actinomyces species
  • Bifidobacterium species
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2
Q

If you have gum pockets that are 5mm or deeper what does this mean?

A

Severe periodontal disease

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3
Q

What is the leading cause of tooth loss in adults?

A

Periodontal disease

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4
Q

Chronic periodontitis can take years to become severe. Occasionally you can have aggressive periodontitis which becomes severe in weeks. What are the organisms that cause aggressive periodontitis?

A
  • Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans

- Eikenella corrodens in concert with Fusobacterium nucleatum

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5
Q

Is there pain with gingivitis? What are the signs of gingivitis?

A

No

There will be redness, swelling, and bleeding with trauma

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6
Q

What are the symptoms of trench mouth?

A

Fever, pain, ulcers, gray pseudomembrane that is easy to remove

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7
Q

What is Vincent’s angina?

A

Extension of trench mouth to oropharynx

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8
Q

What occurs when acute necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis spreads to the oropharynx?

A

Vincent’s angina

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9
Q

Periodontal abscess forms where? Where is a dentoalveolar abscess?

A

Periodontal- along tooth root

Dentoalveolar- end of tooth root

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10
Q

What is an abscess due to extension of dental caries?

A

Dentoalveolar abscess

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11
Q

Patients with periodontal abscess also have what?

A

Periodontal disease

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12
Q

What is a cellulitis of the sublingual and sybmylohyoid spaces? This is rapidly fatal without treatment.

What are the predisposing factors?

A

Ludwig’s angina

Dental caries, recent dental treatment, sickle cell disease, a compromised immune system, trauma and tongue piercing

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13
Q

What are the etiologies for Ludwig’s angina?

A

Streptococcus, Bacteroides, Fusobacterium, S.aureus

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14
Q

What is a very characteristic symptom of Ludwig’s angina?

A

Pain with movement of the tongue

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15
Q

12 year old male, tooth pain. Most likely diagnosis?

  1. Caries
  2. Gingivitis
  3. Periodontal disease
  4. Dentoalveolar abscess
  5. Periodontal abscess
A

Dental caries

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16
Q

25 year old male, bleeding gums. Most likely diagnosis?

  1. Caries
  2. Gingivitis
  3. Periodontal disease
  4. Dentoalveolar abscess
  5. Periodontal abscess
A

Gingivitis

17
Q

35 year old female, 2 year history of bleeding gums, loose teeth. Most likely diagnosis?

  1. Dental caries
  2. Gingivitis only
  3. Acute necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis
  4. Chronic periodontitis
  5. Aggressive periodontitis
A

Chronic periodontitis

18
Q

50 year old male, swelling of face and painful teeth (left lower 2nd premolars and 1st molar). Vitals: temp 99 degrees F, pulse 85 bpm, resp 15, BP 120/85. No signs of periodontal disease or pain on tongue movement. Most likely diagnosis?

  1. Dental caries
  2. Gingivitis
  3. Acute necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis
  4. Dentoalveolar abscess
  5. Periodontal abscess
  6. Ludwig’s angina
A

Dentoalveolar abscess

19
Q

35 year old male, vitals: temp 104 degrees F, pulse 120 bpm, resp 17, BP 140/90. Sore throat and drooling, unable to open mouth more than 3mm. Tongue movement is painful. Most likely diagnosis?

  1. Dental caries
  2. Gingivitis
  3. Acute necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis
  4. Dentoalveolar abscess
  5. Periodontal abscess
  6. Ludwig’s angina
A

Ludwig’s angina

20
Q

What is an inflammation of the mucosal surfaces of the mouth and tongue? What causes this?

A

Stomatitis

HSV 1 and 2 and Candida albicans

21
Q

What is common with HSV?

A

Gingivostomatitis

22
Q

Incubation, duration, and primary Sx of oral herpes?

A

2-12 days
2-3 weeks
Fever, malaise, muscle aches, irritable

23
Q

HSV 1 accounts for what percentage of oral herpes? What about HSV 2?

A

80% HSV 1

20% HSV 2 oral sex related

24
Q

3 types of candidiasis: acute, chronic, or both?

Candida albicans

A

Pseudomembranous- thrush, acute

Erythematous- red, acute and chronic

Hyperplastic (leukoplakia)- chronic

25
Q

Characteristics to know about hyperplastic (leukoplakia) candidiasis

A

Homogenous or speckled areas

Does NOT rub off

Can become malignant

26
Q

What are the predisposing factors of candidiasis?

A

Infants and neonates

Taking antibiotics or steroids

Polyendocrine disorders

Smokers, denture wearers

Drugs that cause dry mouth

Patients with immune dysfunction

27
Q

Disease of lateral borders of tongue. Usually in IC, those with malignant tumors, and organ transplant recipients. Etiology- Epstein Barr virus.

A

oral hairy leukoplakia

28
Q

Angular stomatitis or perlèche. Inflammation of the angles of the mouth.

A

Angular cheilitis

29
Q

35 year old male, HIV positive. Most likely diagnosis? (Picture of white creamy material in mouth)

  1. Herpetic stomatitis
  2. Oral candidiasis
  3. Oral hairy leukoplakia
  4. Angular cheilitis
  5. Parotitis
A

Oral candidiasis

30
Q

25 year old male, HIV positive. Most likely diagnosis. (Picture of the side of the tongue with stuff on it)

  1. Herpetic stomatitis
  2. Oral candidiasis
  3. Oral hairy leukoplakia
  4. Angular cheilitis
  5. Parotitis
A

Oral hairy leukoplakia

31
Q

Incubation period of 14-25 days. Usually asymptomatic, but may have prodrome: myalgia, HA, anorexia, malaise, low-grade fever; parotitis with earache.

32
Q

Complications of mumps?

A

Orchitis and oophoritis

33
Q

What is the infectious period for mumps?

A

3 days before Sx and 9 days after Sx disappear

34
Q

Etiology for acute bacterial parotitis? Manifestations?

A

S.aureus

Swelling of salivary glands, chewing increases pain, skin-erythema and warm, massage products purulent saliva

35
Q

45 year old male temp. 104 degrees F, drooling, trismus, dysphagia, dysphonia, tongue moved upward and back, pain on tongue mvmt, tooth extraction two days ago. Which is the most likely Dx?

  1. Viral parotitis
  2. Bacterial parotitis
  3. Ludwig’s angina
  4. Vincent’s angina
  5. Dentoalveolar abscess
A

Ludwig’s angina

36
Q

20 year old male college student, earache, jelly like tender salivary gland, not warm to touch. Hurts when chewing. Gingiva nml. Most likely diagnosis?

  1. Viral parotitis
  2. Bacterial parotitis
  3. Ludwig’s angina
  4. Vincent’s angina
  5. Dentoalveolar abscess
A

Viral parotitis

37
Q

78 year old male, tender warm salivary gland. Hurts when chewing. Massaging Gand expresses purulent material. Most likely diagnosis?

  1. Viral parotitis
  2. Bacterial parotitis
  3. Ludwig’s angina
  4. Vincent’s angina
  5. Dentoalveolar abscess
A

Bacterial parotitis

38
Q

Which of the following is NOT caused by Candida albicans?

  1. Angular cheilitis
  2. Thrush
  3. Diaper rash
  4. Oral hairy leukoplakia
  5. Leukoplakia
A

Oral hairy leukoplakia

GI (10 decks)

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