Pharm Final: Steroid Hormones Flashcards
(34 cards)
What does the term steroid mean?
chemical structure of drug or hormonal agent
Where are natural steroids produced?
the adrenal glands, testes and ovaries
What are the three types of natural steroids?
mineralcorticoids, glucocorticoids, sex hormones
What is the term physiological dose?
roughly equivalent to endogenous production
What is pharmacological dose?
high dose, differing from dose needed for normal function
What is the function of mineralocorticoids?
regulate water and salt balance, electrolyte balance
can be used as replacement therapy
What are types of MC?
aldosterone and Fludrocortisone
What is fludocortisone?
an aldosterone agonist that is administered orally
What are MC antagonists?
- Sprionolactone- can cause hyperkalemia, increased body hair, deep voice, decreased libido
- Eplerenone- less sexual SE
both used for CHF and HTN as diuretic and are both potassium sparing
What is role of GC?
used for inflammation, metabolism, glucose control, ability to deal with stress
What is MOA for GC?
alters protein synthesis, binds to DNA segments that control inflammation like prostaglandin
What is an example of GC?
cortisol- facilates breakdown of muscle into amino acids and lipids to FFA- making more glucose available while storing more
also inhibits uptake of glucose into muscle
What is downside of too much cortisol?
due to being non selective they can lead to muscle skin and bone breakdown as they begin to exert catabolic effect and affect muscles ability to retain amino acids
What are other main SE of GC?
central obesity, steroid induced proximal myopathy, increased glycogenesis leading to increased risk of hyperglycemia in DM pts, excitatory affect on CNS
What are main SE of MC?
salt fluid retention, HTN, metabolic alkalosis
What are two main female sex hormones?
- Estrogen or Estradiol
2. Progesterone
What is function of estrogen?
puberty in girls, regulate bone metabolism, promote blood clotting(too much cause TE)
Why are post menopausal women at risk for osteoporosis?
estrogen antagonizes PTH minimizing loss of calcium from bones, so when they have less estrogen they lose more Ca from bone
What is function of progesterone?
regulation of menstruation, maintaining a healthy pregnancy
Why is Hormone replacement therapy not used as much in USA?
shown to possibly cause cancer and thromboembolism
What is major SE with estrogen therapy?
CAD
What are other SE of estrogen?
nausea, abnormal uterine bleeding, skin hyper pigmentation, gallbladder DZ, increases risk for breast and endometrial cancer. TE
What are SE with progesterone?
increased BP, HLD, pulm embolism, increased risk for breast, Acne, weight gain
What is tamoxifen?
prevention and tx of BC and may lower risk of CAD
however may increase risk for uterine cancer
