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Quarter 3 > Pharm Ex2- Call's Review > Flashcards

Pharm Ex2- Call's Review Flashcards

1
Q

Compelling indications to use ACE-I for HTN

A

Diabetic
CKD
Heart Failure (HFrEF)

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2
Q

Compelling indications to use B-blockers for HTN

A

Migraine (HA)
Post MI
Angina
HF (early only)

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3
Q

B blockers are best for

A

YOUNG white males

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4
Q

Enalapril

“pril” is DOC for

A

Heart failure

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5
Q

Do not stop suddenly

A

B-blockers!

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6
Q

B lockers are not good for

A

Those who exercise often

Contra in:

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7
Q

Thiazide diuretics are good for

A

Elderly African-American

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8
Q

Thiazide diuretics

A

Hydrochloroth
Metazoline
Indipamide

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9
Q

Metazoline (a thiazide diuretic)

A

Works well at reduced GFR (this is unique to thiazides)

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10
Q

Spironolactone tx for

A

Hyperaldosteronism

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11
Q

Do not use K-sparing diuretics with

A

ACE-I or ARBs

–> hyperkalemia

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12
Q

Indipamide (a thiazide diuretic) 3 unique things

A

Pronounced vasodilation
No threat to lipids
Good for renal insuff (bc its metabolized by both kidney AND liver)

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13
Q

Drugs dependent on Prostaglandins

A

ACE-I
Niacin
Loop & Thiazide diuretics

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14
Q

ACE-I/ARBs

A

most effective in young/middle aged white males (just like b-blockers)

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15
Q

CONTRA in Sulfa allergy

A

Thiazide
Loop
CA-inh

all diuretics

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16
Q

Contra in HF

A

Osmotic diuretics
B-blockers in Late HF
Verapamil & Diltiazem
Digoxin

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17
Q

HIP drugs

A

Hydralazine
Isoniazid
Procainamide

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18
Q

CYP450 interactions

A

Statins

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19
Q

CYP450 inhibitors (will cause Statin toxicity)

A 
Macrolides (mycins)
Ketoconazole (azoles)
Cyclosporine
Varapamil (CCB)
Ritonavir (avirs)
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20
Q

CYP450 activators (will decrease Statin’s efficiency)

A

Phenytoin
Griseofulvin
Barbiturates
Rifampin

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21
Q

CYP2C19

A

Clopidogrel (Plavix)
Needs to be activated by CYP2C19

Using it with a drug that interacts with this will inhibit its conversion

i.e. Omeprazole

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22
Q

Nephrogenic Diabetes Insip

A

Thiazide

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23
Q

Central Diabetes Insip

A

Desmopressin (ADH agonist)

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24
Q

Lithium induced Diabetes Insipidus

A

Amiloride

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25
Q 
Aldosterone antagonists
(K sparing)
A

Spironolactone

Eplerenone

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26
Q

Direct Inh of Na flux

K Sparing

A

Amiloride (Li induced DI)

Triamterene

27
Q

Osmotic diuretics

A 
CONTRA in HF
Mannitol
Isosorbide
Glycerin
URea
28
Q

Conivaptan

A

use IV in hospital for
Hyponatremic (euvelemic of hypervolemic)

i.e. SAIDH

29
Q

Tolvaptan

A

take home! chronic use

30
Q

Used in Pregnancy

A

Bile Acid Binding
Methyldopa
Labetolol
Nifedipine

31
Q

Ranolazine

A

unique mechanism
PFox inhibitor
Last choice

32
Q

Tx for Variant/Spastic Angina

A

Nitrates and CCB

33
Q

Causes Torsades de Pointe

A

Quinidine

Sotalol

34
Q

DOC to tx Torsades de Pointe

A

Magnesium, Mg

35
Q

DOC for PSVT

A

Adenosine

36
Q

DOC for Acute Ventricular Arrhyth

Class 1B

A

Lidocaine

37
Q

DOC for Ventricular

A

Amioradone (jack of all trades)

treats both kinds
doesn’t cause Torsades

with the funny SE: yellow brown eyes, pulm fibrosis, blue-gray skin, thyroid dysfx

38
Q

Class 4 CCBs

A

only effective in Atria

39
Q

Class 1B Lidocaine

A

DOC for Acute Ventricular

only works for V arrhythmi

40
Q

Clopidogrel

Ticagrel

A

irreversible block of ADP

41
Q

Clopidogrel (Plavix) important characteristics

A

ADP receptor block

Use if person is allergic to ASA and has a STENT

42
Q

Apciximab mechanism

A

GP2b/3a

43
Q

Apciximab

A

Combine with Heparin
Used in surgeries

IV only

44
Q

ASA

A

use prophylactically only in those with already established CVD

45
Q

Lidocaine

A

only in Ventricles

46
Q

CCBs

A

only in Atria

47
Q

Heparin mechanism

A

mainly acts on Xa and Thrombin

48
Q

LMWH mechanism

A

act mainly on Xa only

49
Q

Direct thrombin inhibitor

A

Dabigatran (Pradaxa)

50
Q

Main use for Dabigatran (Pradaxa)

A

Prevent stroke in those with non-valvular A-FIB

51
Q

Black box warning for the Direct Oral Anticoags

A

DO NOT TAKE OFF SUDDENLY –> INC Clot Risk

52
Q

Contra for Dabigitran

A

mechanical heart valves

53
Q

What anticoag to use in Pregnant?

A

LMWH

54
Q

Gemfibrozil (fibric acid)

A

do not use with Statin, but used to DECREASE triglycerides

55
Q

Niacin’

A

“nice” increase HDL
but do NOT use in Diabetics
not nice to antibodies

56
Q

PCSK9 antilipds

A

cutaneous injections

57
Q

Class 1

A

block sodium channels

58
Q

Class 2

A

beta blockers

59
Q

Class 3

A

K channel blockers

60
Q

Class 4

A

Calcium channel blockers

61
Q

Quinidine

A

Class 1A

one of top 5 diarrhea Side effect drugs

62
Q

Class 1b

A 
Lidocaine
blocks inactivated Na channels
only in window current
only Ventricular
IV only (only given for Acute)
63
Q

Esmolol shines

A

as beta blocker for Anti-arrhythmial
Class 2
Short 1/2 life
IV only

64
Q

Amiorodone

A

can be used for Acute or Chronic

Quarter 3 (17 decks)

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