Pharm Ex2- Call's Review

Question 1

Compelling indications to use ACE-I for HTN

Answer 1

Diabetic
CKD
Heart Failure (HFrEF)

Question 2

Compelling indications to use B-blockers for HTN

Answer 2

Migraine (HA)
Post MI
Angina
HF (early only)

Question 3

B blockers are best for

Answer 3

YOUNG white males

Question 4

Enalapril

“pril” is DOC for

Answer 4

Heart failure

Question 5

Do not stop suddenly

Answer 5

B-blockers!

Question 6

B lockers are not good for

Answer 6

Those who exercise often

Contra in:

Question 7

Thiazide diuretics are good for

Answer 7

Elderly African-American

Question 8

Thiazide diuretics

Answer 8

Hydrochloroth
Metazoline
Indipamide

Question 9

Metazoline (a thiazide diuretic)

Answer 9

Works well at reduced GFR (this is unique to thiazides)

Question 10

Spironolactone tx for

Answer 10

Hyperaldosteronism

Question 11

Do not use K-sparing diuretics with

Answer 11

ACE-I or ARBs

–> hyperkalemia

Question 12

Indipamide (a thiazide diuretic) 3 unique things

Answer 12

Pronounced vasodilation
No threat to lipids
Good for renal insuff (bc its metabolized by both kidney AND liver)

Question 13

Drugs dependent on Prostaglandins

Answer 13

ACE-I
Niacin
Loop & Thiazide diuretics

Question 14

ACE-I/ARBs

Answer 14

most effective in young/middle aged white males (just like b-blockers)

Question 15

CONTRA in Sulfa allergy

Answer 15

Thiazide
Loop
CA-inh

all diuretics

Question 16

Contra in HF

Answer 16

Osmotic diuretics
B-blockers in Late HF
Verapamil & Diltiazem
Digoxin

Question 17

HIP drugs

Answer 17

Hydralazine
Isoniazid
Procainamide

Question 18

CYP450 interactions

Answer 18

Statins

Question 19

CYP450 inhibitors (will cause Statin toxicity)

Answer 19

Macrolides (mycins)
Ketoconazole (azoles)
Cyclosporine
Varapamil (CCB)
Ritonavir (avirs)

Question 20

CYP450 activators (will decrease Statin’s efficiency)

Answer 20

Phenytoin
Griseofulvin
Barbiturates
Rifampin

Question 21

CYP2C19

Answer 21

Clopidogrel (Plavix)
Needs to be activated by CYP2C19

Using it with a drug that interacts with this will inhibit its conversion

i.e. Omeprazole

Question 22

Nephrogenic Diabetes Insip

Answer 22

Thiazide

Question 23

Central Diabetes Insip

Answer 23

Desmopressin (ADH agonist)

Question 24

Lithium induced Diabetes Insipidus

Answer 24

Amiloride

Question 25

``` Aldosterone antagonists (K sparing) ```

Answer 25

Spironolactone | Eplerenone

Question 26

Direct Inh of Na flux | K Sparing

Answer 26

Amiloride (Li induced DI) | Triamterene

Question 27

Osmotic diuretics

Answer 27

``` CONTRA in HF Mannitol Isosorbide Glycerin URea ```

Question 28

Conivaptan

Answer 28

use IV in hospital for Hyponatremic (euvelemic of hypervolemic) i.e. SAIDH

Question 29

Tolvaptan

Answer 29

take home! chronic use

Question 30

Used in Pregnancy

Answer 30

Bile Acid Binding Methyldopa Labetolol Nifedipine

Question 31

Ranolazine

Answer 31

unique mechanism PFox inhibitor Last choice

Question 32

Tx for Variant/Spastic Angina

Answer 32

Nitrates and CCB

Question 33

Causes Torsades de Pointe

Answer 33

Quinidine | Sotalol

Question 34

DOC to tx Torsades de Pointe

Answer 34

Magnesium, Mg

Question 35

DOC for PSVT

Answer 35

Adenosine

Question 36

DOC for Acute Ventricular Arrhyth Class 1B

Answer 36

Lidocaine

Question 37

DOC for Ventricular

Answer 37

Amioradone (jack of all trades) treats both kinds doesn't cause Torsades with the funny SE: yellow brown eyes, pulm fibrosis, blue-gray skin, thyroid dysfx

Question 38

Class 4 CCBs

Answer 38

only effective in Atria

Question 39

Class 1B Lidocaine

Answer 39

DOC for Acute Ventricular | only works for V arrhythmi

Question 40

Clopidogrel | Ticagrel

Answer 40

irreversible block of ADP

Question 41

Clopidogrel (Plavix) important characteristics

Answer 41

ADP receptor block | Use if person is allergic to ASA and has a STENT

Question 42

Apciximab mechanism

Answer 42

GP2b/3a

Question 43

Apciximab

Answer 43

Combine with Heparin Used in surgeries IV only

Question 44

ASA

Answer 44

use prophylactically only in those with already established CVD

Question 45

Lidocaine

Answer 45

only in Ventricles

Question 46

CCBs

Answer 46

only in Atria

Question 47

Heparin mechanism

Answer 47

mainly acts on Xa and Thrombin

Question 48

LMWH mechanism

Answer 48

act mainly on Xa only

Question 49

Direct thrombin inhibitor

Answer 49

Dabigatran (Pradaxa)

Question 50

Main use for Dabigatran (Pradaxa)

Answer 50

Prevent stroke in those with non-valvular A-FIB

Question 51

Black box warning for the Direct Oral Anticoags

Answer 51

DO NOT TAKE OFF SUDDENLY --> INC Clot Risk

Question 52

Contra for Dabigitran

Answer 52

mechanical heart valves

Question 53

What anticoag to use in Pregnant?

Answer 53

LMWH

Question 54

Gemfibrozil (fibric acid)

Answer 54

do not use with Statin, but used to DECREASE triglycerides

Question 55

Niacin'

Answer 55

"nice" increase HDL but do NOT use in Diabetics not nice to antibodies

Question 56

PCSK9 antilipds

Answer 56

cutaneous injections

Question 57

Class 1

Answer 57

block sodium channels

Question 58

Class 2

Answer 58

beta blockers

Question 59

Class 3

Answer 59

K channel blockers

Question 60

Class 4

Answer 60

Calcium channel blockers

Question 61

Quinidine

Answer 61

Class 1A | one of top 5 diarrhea Side effect drugs

Question 62

Class 1b

Answer 62

``` Lidocaine blocks inactivated Na channels only in window current only Ventricular IV only (only given for Acute) ```

Question 63

Esmolol shines

Answer 63

as beta blocker for Anti-arrhythmial Class 2 Short 1/2 life IV only

Question 64

Amiorodone

Answer 64

can be used for Acute or Chronic