Pharm- Cardio, Pulm Flashcards
1st line HTN treatment in those with DM, CKF, and Heart failure
ACE-I
“prils” i.e. Lisinopril
SE of Lisinopril
and all “prils”
angioedema
dry cough
hypotension
hyperkalemia
CONTRA: pregnant, angioedema
ARBs are good alternates to ACE-I but downfall
more expensive
“sartans”
Metoprolol
“lol” are CONTRA in
Asthma, anytime heart is going too slow
Avoid abrupt cessation of
beta blockers!
can precipitate MI and HTN crisis
Digoxin has a narrow margin of safety, esp with
Renal insufficiency
Low potassium
Loop diuretics CONTRA
Sulfa allergy!!
there is only one that doesn’t have sulfa
The One Loop diuretic that doesn’t have sulfa
Ethacrynic Acid
downfall of Ethacrynic Acid
Ototoxic
If person has gout, need to be careful with Loop diuretics because
a SE of Loops is High uricemia (may precipitate gout)
Other SE of Loops
Low everything- K, Na, Ca
often supplement with K+
Thiazides are used as
moreso in treating HTN
not 1st line for Heart Failure
Aldosterone antagonists
Spironolactone
Eplerenone
Direct Na inhibitor
Triamterene
Amiloride
Four 1st line treatments for HTN
HCTZ (thiazide), ACE-I, ARB, CCB
African American pts with HTN should use
HCTZ
CCB
Goal BP for someone >60YO
if no DM or CKD, can have goal at: 150/90
Goal BP for everyone else
140/90
CCB side effect
the Dihydropyridine type
Peripheral edema
Dihydropyridine CCBs
Nifedipine
Amlodipine
Non-dihydro CCBs
Verapamil
Diltiazem
A blockers are good choice to treat HTN is pt also has
BPH
Prazosin
53 YO with RESISTANT HTN, already on Lisinopril (ACE-I), HCTZ (thiazide), and Amlodipine (CCB)
what else can we add?
B-blocker
Refractory HTN treatment
Centrally acting sympatholytic
Clonidine, Methyldopa
