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πŸ„ΌπŸ’Š CARDIO PATH/RX > pharm- 9-24- Antiplatelet Rx > Flashcards

pharm- 9-24- Antiplatelet Rx Flashcards

1
Q

A: Antiplatelet drugs decreases platelet _____, _____ and _____ thereby inhibit thrombus formation.

B: Where do these drugs function compared to [Heparin and Oral anticoagula]?

A

A: Antiplatelet drugs decreases platelet adhesion, activation and aggregation thereby inhibit thrombus formation.

B: These drugs are effective in the arterial circulation, where anticoagulants such as heparin and [oral anticoagulants] have relatively little effect

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2
Q

Aspirin

A: MOA

B: Route of Administration

A

A: COX inhibitor

B: Oral

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3
Q

Aspirin

A: Indications (3)

B: Adverse Effects (2)

A

A:

1) ACS
2) Stroke
3) Arterial Thrombosis

B:

(x) Bleeding
(x) Gastric Irritation

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4
Q

Clopidogrel

A: MOA

B: Route of Adminsitration

A

A: [ADP receptor Blocker]–> Prevents Platelet Aggregation

B: ORAL

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5
Q

Clopidogrel

A: Indications (3)

B: Side Effects (2)

C: Prodrug?

A

A:

1) ACS
2) Stroke
3) [in stent thrombosis]

B:

(x) Bleeding
(x) TTP

C: YES, PRODRUG

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6
Q

Prasugrel

A: MOA

B: Route of Adminsitration

A

A: [ADP receptor Blocker]–> Prevents Platelet Aggregation​

B: ORAL

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7
Q

Prasugrel

A: Indications (3)

B: Side Effects

C: Prodrug?

A

A:

1) ACS
2) Stroke
3) [in stent thrombosis]

B:

(x) Bleeding

C: YES, PRODRUG

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8
Q

Ticagrelor

A: Indications (3)

B: Side Effects

C: Prodrug?

A

A:

1) ACS
2) Stroke
3) [in stent thrombosis]

B:

(x) Bleeding

C: No

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9
Q

Ticagrelor

A: MOA

B: Route of Adminsitration

A

A: [ADP receptor Blocker]–> Prevents Platelet Aggregation

B: ORAL

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10
Q

NSAIDs

A: MOA

B: Route of Adminsitration

A

A: COX inhibitor

B: ORAL

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11
Q

Dipyridamole

A: MOA

B: Route of Adminsitration

A

A: Phosphodiesterase Inhibitor

B: ORAL

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12
Q

Cilostazol

A: MOA

B: Route of Adminsitration

A

A: Phosphodiesterase inhibitor

B: ORAL

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13
Q

Abciximab

A: MOA

B: Route of Adminsitration

A

A: [GP-2b-3A] inhibitor

B: IV

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14
Q

EpTifiBatide

A: MOA

B: Route of Adminsitration

A

A: [GP-2b-3A] inhibitor

B: IV

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15
Q

Tirofiban

A: MOA

B: Route of Adminsitration

A

A: [GP-2b-3A] inhibitor

B: IV

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16
Q

NSAIDs

A: Indications

B: Adverse Effects

A

A: Various Dz

B:

(x) Bleeding

17
Q

Dipyridamole

A: Indications (2)

B: Adverse Effects (2)

A

A:

1) Stroke
2) Arterial Thrombosis (Open Heart Surgery)

B:

(x) Bleeding
(x) Potentiates Adenosine

18
Q

Cilostazol

A: Indications

B: Adverse Effects

A

A:

Intermittent Claudication

B:

(x) hypOtension

19
Q

Abciximab

A: Indications (2)

B: Adverse Effects

A

” PA ATE his 2B/3A inhibitors”

(PCI and ACS can be treated with [Abciximab/Tirofiban/EpTifiBatide] since they’re 2B/3A inhibitors )

A:

1) ACS
2) PCI

B:

(x) Bleeding

20
Q

EpiTifiBatide

A: Indications (2)

B: Adverse Effects

A

” PA ATE his 2B/3A inhibitors”

(PCI and ACS can be treated with [Abciximab/Tirofiban/EpTifiBatide] since they’re 2B/3A inhibitors )

A:

1) ACS
2) PCI

B:

(x) Bleeding

21
Q

Tirofiban

A: Indications (2)

B: Adverse Effects

A

” PA ATE his 2B/3A inhibitors”

(PCI and ACS can be treated with [Abciximab/Tirofiban/EpTifiBatide] since they’re 2B/3A inhibitors )

A:

1) ACS
2) PCI

B:

(x) Bleeding

22
Q

Which Dual Antiplatelet therapy is the Hallmark of Cardiovasulcar Disease Tx?

A

Aspirin + [ADP receptor inhibitor]

23
Q

2 Small Vessel Diseases that are treated with antiplatelet drugs

A
  1. [Membrane Proliferative Glomerulonephritis]
  2. [Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic purpura]
24
Q

4 Drugs that have Interactions with Antiplatelet Drugs

A

Drug interactions with antiplatelet agents:

  1. Thrombolytic agents (urokinase, streptokinase and tissue plasminogen activator).
  2. Heparin and LMW heparin
  3. [oral anticoagulants]
  4. Antithrombin agents (hirudin, bivalirudin and argatroban)
25
Q
  • Arachidonic acid is metabolized by two major pathways:*
  • Cyclooxygenase pathway*
  • Lipoxygenase pathway*

Describe the Cyclooxygenase Pathway

A

Consist of COX1 and COX2 which converts [Arachidonic Acid from phospholipid membrane] into either:

* [Thromboxane TXA2]

* [Prostacyclin PGi2]

*[Prostaglandin PGE2]

26
Q
  • Arachidonic acid is metabolized by two major pathways:*
  • Cyclooxygenase pathway*
  • Lipoxygenase pathway*

Describe the Lipooxygenase Pathway

A

Consist of [Non-Heme but iron containing DiOxygenases] which convert [Arachidonic Acid from phospholipid membrane] into:

*Leukotrienes –> Inflammation

*HETE

*HPETE

27
Q

Montelukast

A: MOA

B: Route of Administration

A

A: Leukotriene Receptor Inhibitor

B: Oral

28
Q

ZafirLeukast

A: MOA

B: Route of Administration

A

A: Leukotriene Receptor Inhibitor

B: Oral

29
Q

Zileuton

A: MOA

B: Route of Administration

A

A: Lipoxygenase inhibitor

B: Oral

30
Q

Monteleukast

A: Indications (3)

B: Adverse Effects (2)

A

A:

1) Allergic rxn
2) Asthma
3) Seasonal Allergies

B:

(x) hypOtension
(x) Behavioral Changes

31
Q

ZafirLeukast

A: Indications

B: Adverse Effects

A

A:

1) Asthma

B:

(x) hypOtension

32
Q

Zieuton

A: Indications

B: Adverse Effects

A

A:

1) Asthma

B:

(x) hypOtension

33
Q

3 Steps for Plate Aggregation Assay

B: Between primary and secondary aggregation, which should have a greater OD?

A
  1. Prepare PRP
  2. Activate Platelets by adding [PRP + RATE (Ristocetin/ ADP/ TRAP/ EPi)]
  3. Measure Light Transmittance (OD)

(HIGH LIGHT SHINING THRU = Platelet Aggregation)

B: PRIMARY AGGREGATION WILL HAVE HIGHER OD

34
Q

A: List the 3 ACtive ingredients in [Omega-3-fatty acid Fish Oil]

B: MOA for antiplatelet action (2)

A

Active ingredients (Omega-3 fatty acid): = DEA

Ξ±-linolenic acid

Eicosapentaenoic acid

Docosahexaenoic acid

B: Has membrane effects and forms [inactive Thromboxane A3] –> DEC Platelets

πŸ„ΌπŸ’Š CARDIO PATH/RX (22 decks)

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