pharm- 9-24- Antiplatelet Rx Flashcards
A: Antiplatelet drugs decreases platelet _____, _____ and _____ thereby inhibit thrombus formation.
B: Where do these drugs function compared to [Heparin and Oral anticoagula]?
A: Antiplatelet drugs decreases platelet adhesion, activation and aggregation thereby inhibit thrombus formation.
B: These drugs are effective in the arterial circulation, where anticoagulants such as heparin and [oral anticoagulants] have relatively little effect
Aspirin
A: MOA
B: Route of Administration
A: COX inhibitor
B: Oral
Aspirin
A: Indications (3)
B: Adverse Effects (2)
A:
1) ACS
2) Stroke
3) Arterial Thrombosis
B:
(x) Bleeding
(x) Gastric Irritation
Clopidogrel
A: MOA
B: Route of Adminsitration
A: [ADP receptor Blocker]β> Prevents Platelet Aggregation
B: ORAL
Clopidogrel
A: Indications (3)
B: Side Effects (2)
C: Prodrug?
A:
1) ACS
2) Stroke
3) [in stent thrombosis]
B:
(x) Bleeding
(x) TTP
C: YES, PRODRUG
Prasugrel
A: MOA
B: Route of Adminsitration
A: [ADP receptor Blocker]β> Prevents Platelet Aggregationβ
B: ORAL
Prasugrel
A: Indications (3)
B: Side Effects
C: Prodrug?
A:
1) ACS
2) Stroke
3) [in stent thrombosis]
B:
(x) Bleeding
C: YES, PRODRUG
Ticagrelor
A: Indications (3)
B: Side Effects
C: Prodrug?
A:
1) ACS
2) Stroke
3) [in stent thrombosis]
B:
(x) Bleeding
C: No
Ticagrelor
A: MOA
B: Route of Adminsitration
A: [ADP receptor Blocker]β> Prevents Platelet Aggregation
B: ORAL
NSAIDs
A: MOA
B: Route of Adminsitration
A: COX inhibitor
B: ORAL
Dipyridamole
A: MOA
B: Route of Adminsitration
A: Phosphodiesterase Inhibitor
B: ORAL
Cilostazol
A: MOA
B: Route of Adminsitration
A: Phosphodiesterase inhibitor
B: ORAL
Abciximab
A: MOA
B: Route of Adminsitration
A: [GP-2b-3A] inhibitor
B: IV
EpTifiBatide
A: MOA
B: Route of Adminsitration
A: [GP-2b-3A] inhibitor
B: IV
Tirofiban
A: MOA
B: Route of Adminsitration
A: [GP-2b-3A] inhibitor
B: IV
NSAIDs
A: Indications
B: Adverse Effects
A: Various Dz
B:
(x) Bleeding
Dipyridamole
A: Indications (2)
B: Adverse Effects (2)
A:
1) Stroke
2) Arterial Thrombosis (Open Heart Surgery)
B:
(x) Bleeding
(x) Potentiates Adenosine
Cilostazol
A: Indications
B: Adverse Effects
A:
Intermittent Claudication
B:
(x) hypOtension
Abciximab
A: Indications (2)
B: Adverse Effects
β PA ATE his 2B/3A inhibitorsβ
(PCI and ACS can be treated with [Abciximab/Tirofiban/EpTifiBatide] since theyβre 2B/3A inhibitors )
A:
1) ACS
2) PCI
B:
(x) Bleeding
EpiTifiBatide
A: Indications (2)
B: Adverse Effects
β PA ATE his 2B/3A inhibitorsβ
(PCI and ACS can be treated with [Abciximab/Tirofiban/EpTifiBatide] since theyβre 2B/3A inhibitors )
A:
1) ACS
2) PCI
B:
(x) Bleeding
Tirofiban
A: Indications (2)
B: Adverse Effects
β PA ATE his 2B/3A inhibitorsβ
(PCI and ACS can be treated with [Abciximab/Tirofiban/EpTifiBatide] since theyβre 2B/3A inhibitors )
A:
1) ACS
2) PCI
B:
(x) Bleeding
Which Dual Antiplatelet therapy is the Hallmark of Cardiovasulcar Disease Tx?
Aspirin + [ADP receptor inhibitor]
2 Small Vessel Diseases that are treated with antiplatelet drugs
- [Membrane Proliferative Glomerulonephritis]
- [Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic purpura]
4 Drugs that have Interactions with Antiplatelet Drugs
Drug interactions with antiplatelet agents:
- Thrombolytic agents (urokinase, streptokinase and tissue plasminogen activator).
- Heparin and LMW heparin
- [oral anticoagulants]
- Antithrombin agents (hirudin, bivalirudin and argatroban)
- Arachidonic acid is metabolized by two major pathways:*
- Cyclooxygenase pathway*
- Lipoxygenase pathway*
Describe the Cyclooxygenase Pathway
Consist of COX1 and COX2 which converts [Arachidonic Acid from phospholipid membrane] into either:
* [Thromboxane TXA2]
* [Prostacyclin PGi2]
*[Prostaglandin PGE2]
- Arachidonic acid is metabolized by two major pathways:*
- Cyclooxygenase pathway*
- Lipoxygenase pathway*
Describe the Lipooxygenase Pathway
Consist of [Non-Heme but iron containing DiOxygenases] which convert [Arachidonic Acid from phospholipid membrane] into:
*Leukotrienes β> Inflammation
*HETE
*HPETE
Montelukast
A: MOA
B: Route of Administration
A: Leukotriene Receptor Inhibitor
B: Oral
ZafirLeukast
A: MOA
B: Route of Administration
A: Leukotriene Receptor Inhibitor
B: Oral
Zileuton
A: MOA
B: Route of Administration
A: Lipoxygenase inhibitor
B: Oral
Monteleukast
A: Indications (3)
B: Adverse Effects (2)
A:
1) Allergic rxn
2) Asthma
3) Seasonal Allergies
B:
(x) hypOtension
(x) Behavioral Changes
ZafirLeukast
A: Indications
B: Adverse Effects
A:
1) Asthma
B:
(x) hypOtension
Zieuton
A: Indications
B: Adverse Effects
A:
1) Asthma
B:
(x) hypOtension
3 Steps for Plate Aggregation Assay
B: Between primary and secondary aggregation, which should have a greater OD?
- Prepare PRP
- Activate Platelets by adding [PRP + RATE (Ristocetin/ ADP/ TRAP/ EPi)]
- Measure Light Transmittance (OD)
(HIGH LIGHT SHINING THRU = Platelet Aggregation)
B: PRIMARY AGGREGATION WILL HAVE HIGHER OD
A: List the 3 ACtive ingredients in [Omega-3-fatty acid Fish Oil]
B: MOA for antiplatelet action (2)
Active ingredients (Omega-3 fatty acid): = DEA
Ξ±-linolenic acid
Eicosapentaenoic acid
Docosahexaenoic acid
B: Has membrane effects and forms [inactive Thromboxane A3] β> DEC Platelets
