Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Spring P1 > Pharm 747 Exam 1 > Flashcards

Pharm 747 Exam 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Describe the basic Mechanism of Action for B-Lactam Antiobiotics

A

B-lactam antibiotics are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Why is the final transpeptidation step in biosynthesis of peptidoglycan a critical drug target step?

A

It is facilitated by transpeptidases (PBPs) that are inhibited by the B-Lactams.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are B-Lactam antibiotics analogs of in normal peptidoglycan synthesis?

A

the D-alanyl-Dalanine terminal amino acid residue that is the precursor for NAM/NAG peptide subunits of peptidoglycan layer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Why is the structural similarity between B-lactam antibiotics and the D-alanyl-D-alanine important?

A

B-lactam replaces the D-alanyl-D-alanine and inhibits the active site of PBPs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

How do B-Lactam antibiotics act upon PBP?

A

They irreversibly bind to the Serine on the PBP active site, which prevents the final crosslinking (transpeptidation) of the peptidoglycan layer and disrupts the bacterial cell wall biosynthesis.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

How can bacterium disrupt B-lactam antiobiotics?

A

By hydrolysis of B-lactam ring by B-lactamase or penicillinase, which will break open the ring and render the drug ineffective.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

How can Bacterium ignore B-Lactam antibiotics?

A

They can possess altered PBPs which do not allow B-lactams to bind effectively.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

where are transpeptidase enzymes found within gram positive and negative bacterium?

A

They are located along the exterior of the cytoplasmic membrane (+)
They are located in the periplasmic space (-)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is the general structure of Penicillins?

A

6-aminopenicillanic Acid (6-APA) and a azetidinone 4-sided ring

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is the general structure of Cephalosporins?

A

7-amino Cephalosporanic Acid (7-ACA) and a free carboxyl on C4

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Benzylpenicillin

Class, Brand, PO or IV, +/- , B-lactamase resistant

A 
Natual Penicillin
Penicillin G
IV administration
Gram (+)
Hydrolyzed by B-lactamase
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Phenoxymethylpenicillin

Class, Brand, PO or IV, +/- , B-lactamase resistant

A

Penicillin V
Oral administration
Gram (+)
Hydrolyzed by B-lactamase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Methicillin

Class, Brand, PO or IV, +/- , B-lactamase resistant

A 
B-Lactmase Resistant strain
Staphcillin
IV administration
gram (+)
stable against B-lactamase
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Nafcillin

Class, Brand, PO or IV, +/- , B-lactamase resistant

A 
B-Lactamase resistant strain
Unipen
Oral Administration
Gram (+)
Stable against B-lactamase
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Oxacillin

Class, Brand, PO or IV, +/- , B-lactamase resistant

A 
B-lactamase resistant/Isoxazoyl
Prostaphlin (X1, X2 = H)
Oral Administration
Gram (+)
stable against B-Lactamase
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Cloxacillin

Class, Brand, PO or IV, +/- , B-lactamase resistant

A 
B-lactamase resistant/Isoxazoyl
Tegopen (X1 = CL, X2 = H)
Oral administration
Gram (+)
Stable against
17
Q

Dicloxacillin

Class, Brand, PO or IV, +/- , B-lactamase resistant

A 
B-lactamase resistant/isoxazoyl
Dynapen (X1 , X2 = Cl)
Oral Administration
gram (+)
Stable against B-lactamase
18
Q

Ampicillin/Bacampicillin

Class, Brand, PO or IV, +/- , B-lactamase resistant

A 
Aminopenicillin
Polycillin
Oral administration
Gram (+), small gram (-)
Hydrolyzed
19
Q

Amoxicillin

Class, Brand, PO or IV, +/- , B-lactamase resistant

A 
Aminopenicillin
Amoxil
Oral administration
gram (+), small gram (-)
hydrolyzed
20
Q

Carbenicillin

Class, Brand, PO or IV, +/- , B-lactamase resistant

A 
Carboxypenicillin
Geopen
Oral and IV administration
Gram (+) and Gram (-)
hydrolyzed
21
Q

Ticarcillin

Class, Brand, PO or IV, +/- , B-lactamase resistant

A 
Carboxypenicillin
Ticar
IV administration
Gram (+) and Gram (-)
Hydrolyzed
22
Q

Pipericillin

Class, Brand, PO or IV, +/- , B-lactamase resistant

A 
Acylureidopenicillin
Piperacil
IV administration
Gram (+) and (-)
hydrolyzed
23
Q

Azlocillin

Class, Brand, PO or IV, +/- , B-lactamase resistant

A 
Acylureidopenicillin
Azlin
IV administration
Gram (+) (-)
hydrolyzed
24
Q

Mezlocillin

Class, Brand, PO or IV, +/- , B-lactamase resistant

A 
Acylureidopenicillin
Mezlin
IV administration
Gram (+) (-)
hydrolyzed

Spring P1 (5 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions