Pharm 21: Lasik make pee Flashcards

1
Q

ADH MOA

A

Constricts vasculature and promotes water reabsorption via G-protein receptors

V1: vascular smooth muscle contriction
V2: collecting duct of principal cells

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2
Q

ADH V2 activity (MOA)

A

Gs g-protein

CAMP increases ->protein kinase A (PKA) increases

PKA increases aquaporin 2 activity

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3
Q

Aliskiren MOA and use

A

Renin inhibitor. Binds to active site inhibiting the binding of renin

Used for hypertension with renal insufficiency

Can be used w/ thiazides

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4
Q

Kinin levels w/ ACE inhibitors

A

Are increased

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5
Q

ACE inhibitors metabolism patterns

A

1) Captopril. Active, biotransformed to active metabolite

2) Enalapril/ Ramipril: prodrug. if at suffix then active

3) Lisinopril: active form, excreted unchanged by kidney

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6
Q

ACE inhibitor cough angioedema because

A

Potentiation of bradykinin

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7
Q

ACE inhibitors and potassium

A

Reduced aldosterone synthesis causes hyperK

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8
Q

Losartan and Valsartan MOA

A

AT1 receptor antagonist. —> Angotensin II inhibition

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9
Q

AT1 receptor antagonist vs ACE inhibittor

A

AT1 more complete angiotensin II inhibition, but no vasodilation

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10
Q

Nesiritide MOA and use

A

Recombinant BNP

Short term decompensated HF

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11
Q

Demclocycline MOA and use

A

MOA unk

Use for SIADH

tretracycline *

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12
Q

Conivaptan/tolvaptan MOA and use

A

V1/V2 (vasopressin) receptor antagonists

Tolvaptan is oral

use in SIADH and nephrogenic diabetes insipidus

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13
Q

Acetalozimide MOA

A

inhibit sodium reabsorption by noncompetitively and reversibly inhibiting carbonic anhydrase in proximal tubule cells

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14
Q

Acetazolimide compensation

A

NaCl and NaHCO3 reabsorption increases after some days

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15
Q

Acetozolamide uses

A

Mountain sickness, times when urine alkanization is needed

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16
Q

Mannitol MOA and use

A

Osmotic diuretic

Increased ICP

17
Q

Loop diuretic consequences (acid/base)

A

Volume contraction alkalosis

18
Q

Loop diuretics

A

Furosemide
Bumentanide
Torsemide
Ethacrynic acid (non sulfa)

19
Q

Loop diuretics MOA

A

These agents reversibly and competitively inhibit the Na+-K+-2Cl− co-transporter NKCC2 in the apical (luminal) membrane of thick ascending loop epithelial cells

20
Q

Lasix lab values

A

Hypocalcemia
Hypomagnesia
Hypokalemia

21
Q

Thiazides MOA and use

A

competitive antagonists of the NCC Na+-Cl− co-transporter in the luminal membrane of distal convoluted tubule cells

Decrease urinary calcium

First line for hypertension (decreased mortality)

used for osteoporosis or stone prevention

22
Q

Chlorthalidone

A

Used for night BP elevations

23
Q

Central diabetes insipidus treatment

A

Desmopressin (replace ADH)

24
Q

Spironolactone and eplerenone MOA

A

inhibit aldosterone action by binding to and preventing nuclear translocation of the mineralocorticoid receptor

25
Q

Amiloride and trimterene MOA and use

A

competitive inhibitors of the ENaC Na+ channel in the apical membrane of collecting duct principal cells

Hypertension (Liddle’s)

26
Q

Potassium sparing diuretics AEs

A

HyperK

Metabolic acidosis

27
Q

Amiloride consideration with lithium

A

Helps with kidney issues

28
Q

Liver failure ascites diuretic?

A

Potassium sparing