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Pharmacology 2 > pharm 201 Final > Flashcards

pharm 201 Final Flashcards

1
Q

HCTZ Class

A

Thiazide diuretic

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2
Q

HCTZ AE

A

*HypoK, hyperglycemia, dehydration

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3
Q

HCTZ Nsg

A

Can be IV, monitor K, take first thing in the morning and 2nd dose by 1400 to prevent nocturia

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4
Q

Furosemide Class

A

Loop diuretic

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5
Q

Furosemide AE

A

*HypoK, dehydration, hypoNA, hypoTN

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6
Q

Furosemide Contra

A

Caution in DM and gout

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7
Q

Furosemide Nsg

A

Monitor BP, I/O and edema

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8
Q

Spironolactone Class

A

K-sparing diuretic

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9
Q

Spironolactone AE

A

*HyperK, impotence(M)/menstrual cycle irregularities (F)

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10
Q

Spironolactone Contra

A

HyperK, kidney failure, anuria

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11
Q

Spironolactone Nsg

A

*Monitor K, avoid salt substitutes containing K

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12
Q

Lisinopril Class/Tx

A

ACE Inhibitor/BP

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13
Q

Lisinopril AE

A

Cough, first-dose orthostatic hypoTN, angioedema

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14
Q

Lisinopril Contra

A

Bilateral renal artery stenosis, pts w/ one kidney

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15
Q

Lisinopril Nsg

A

Can be taken w/ or w/o food, monitor BP for 2 hrs after first dose

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16
Q

Morphine Class/Tx

A

Opioid agonist/Pain…lots of pain.

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17
Q

Morphine AE

A

*Resp depression (stop opioid if resp rate less than 12)

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18
Q

Morphine Contra

A

After biliary tract surgery, kidney failure

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19
Q

Morphine Nsg

A

Admin slow IV (4-5 minutes), reverse w/ Naloxone, for CA admin on fixed schedule around the clock,

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20
Q

Diltiazem Class/Tx

A

CCB/BP

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21
Q

Diltiazem AE

A

*Orthostatic hypoTN, *decreased O2 demand to the heart (will need to increase O2 supply), *Constipation (advise pt to increase fiber and fluids in diet

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22
Q

Diltiazem Contra

A

Caution in kidney, liver, HF, or GERD

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23
Q

Diltiazem Nsg

A

*Decreases conduction in SA and AV nodes

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24
Q

Nitroglycerin Class/Tx

A

Organic Nitrate/Angina

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25
Q

Nitro AE

A

*HA, orthostatic hypoTN, reflex tachycardia

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26
Q

Nitro Contra

A

*Antihypertensive meds (specifically Furosemide) contribute to hypoTN effect

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27
Q

Nitro Nsg

A

*For HA take acetaminophen

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28
Q

Digoxin Class/Tx

A

Cardiac Glycoside/HF

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29
Q

Digoxin AE

A

*Yellowish halos (toxicity), dysrhythmias, GI effects, CNS effects

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30
Q

Digoxin Contra

A

Irregular ventricular rhythm, heart block

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31
Q

Digoxin Nsg

A

Check apical pulse (must be greater than 60), admin at same time daily

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32
Q

Metformin Class/Tx

A

Oral antidiabetic/DM

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33
Q

Metformin AE

A

GI effects, Vit B-12 and fo9lic acid deficiency

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34
Q

Metformin Contra

A

Severe infection, shock, or any hypoxic condition, DKA

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35
Q

Metformin Nsg

A

Take IR tabs BID w/ breakfast and dinner, take SR tabs once daily w/ dinner

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36
Q

Glipizide Class/Tx

A

Oral antidiabetic/DM

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37
Q

Glipizide AE

A

Hypoglycemia

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38
Q

Glipizide Contra

A

DKA, caution in renal/liver/heart failure

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39
Q

Glipizide Nsg

A

Take 30 min before meal

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40
Q

Albuterol Class/Tx

A

Beta2-adrenergic agonist/Asthma (bronchoconstriction)

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41
Q

Albuterol AE

A

*Tachycardia, *palpations, *tremors

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42
Q

Albuterol Contra

A

Tachydysrhytmia

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43
Q

Albuterol Nsg

A

*Give before inhaled glucocorticoid (specifically Budesonide)

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44
Q

Budesonide Class/Tx

A

Inhaled glucocorticoid/Asthma

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45
Q

Budesonide Nsg

A

Used for long-term prophylaxis of asthma

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46
Q

Tiotropium Class/Tx

A

Inhaled anticholinergic/COPD (bronchospasm)

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47
Q

Tiotropium AE

A

Anticholinergic effects

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48
Q

Tiotropium Contra

A

Allergy to peanuts, caution in narrow-angle glaucoma and BPH

49
Q

Tiotropium Nsg

A

Rinse mouth after admin (taste)

50
Q

Clopidogrel Class/Tx

A

Anti-platelet/Unstable angina

51
Q

Clopidogrel AE

A

*Hemorrhage, abd pain, dyspnea, diarrhea, rash

52
Q

Clopidogrel Contra

A

*Intracranial hemorrhage, *active GI bleed, *any med that may enhance bleeding

53
Q

Clopidogrel Nsg

A

*Monitor for bleeding, d/c 7 days before elective surgery

54
Q

Budesonide AE

A

*Oral candadiasis

55
Q

Ciprofloxacin Class/Tx

A

Flouroquinolone/Abx

56
Q

Ciprofloxacin AE

A

*Tendon rupture, *phototoxicity

57
Q

Ciprofloxacin Contra

A

Younger than 18, risk for C-diff

58
Q

Ciprofloxacin Nsg

A

Urine sample must be acquired before beginning tx

59
Q

Tamsulosin MOA/Tx

A

Relaxes smooth muscle/HTN, BPH

60
Q

Tamsulosin AE

A

Abnormal ejaculation

61
Q

Tamsulosin Contra

A

Women, caution in renal impairment

62
Q

Tamsulosin Nsg

A

Monitor BP, take 30 min after meal and at same time every day

63
Q

Metoclopramide Class/Tx

A

Dopamine antagonists/Antiemetics

64
Q

Metoclopramide AE

A

Extrapyramidal symptoms (restlessness, anxiety, spasms of face and neck), sedation, D

65
Q

Metoclopramide Contra

A

Caution in urinary retention/obstruction, asthma, narrow-angle glaucoma

66
Q

Metoclopramide Nsg

A

ETOH increases risk of seizure, keep hydrated, monitor for constipation

67
Q

Pantoprazole Clas/Tx

A

PPI/Reduce gastric acid secretion

68
Q

Pantoprazole Contra

A

Long-term increases risk for osteoporosis, risk for pneumonia in COPD

69
Q

Pantoprazole Nsg

A

Do not crush, increase water intake to 10 glasses/day

70
Q

Ondansetron Class/Tx

A

Serotonin antagonist/Antiemetic

71
Q

Ondansetron AE

A

*Prolonged QT interval, *increased risk of Torsades de Pointes

72
Q

Ondansetron Contra

A

Prolonged QT interval

73
Q

Ondansetron Nsg

A

w/ cancer pts: combine 3 antiemetics and admin prior to chemo is more effective than treating N that is already occurring

74
Q

Metronidazole Class/Tx

A

Antiprotozoal/Broad spectrum abx

75
Q

Metronidazole AE

A

Metallic taste, GI effects, dark urine

76
Q

Metronidazole Contra

A

CNS dissorders

77
Q

Metronidazole Nsg

A

Complete full course of med (usually 14 days)

78
Q

Atorvastatin Class/Tx

A

HMG COA reductase inhibitor (“-statin”)/High cholesterol

79
Q

Atorvastatin AE

A

*Hepatotoxicity, *N/V/A, *hyperglycemia

80
Q

Atorvastatin Contra

A

*Prego cat X

81
Q

Atorvastatin Nsg

A

*Take in evening b/c most cholesterol is synthesized during the night

82
Q

Erythropoetin Class/Tx

A

Erythropoetic growth factors/increases production of RBCs

83
Q

Erythropoetin AE

A

HA/body aches, increased risk for DVT, HTN

84
Q

Erythropoetin Contra

A

Uncontrolled HTN, certain cancers

85
Q

Erythropoetin Nsg

A

*Do not shake, obtain baseline VS

86
Q

Warfarin Class/Tx

A

Oral anticoagulant/thrombosis or prevention

87
Q

Warfarin AE

A

Hemorrhage, hepatitis

88
Q

Warfarin Contra

A

Low platelet count, vit K deficiencies

89
Q

Aspirin Class/Tx

A

Antiplatelet/thrombus prevention

90
Q

Aspirin AE

A

GI effects, hemorrhagic stroke

91
Q

Aspirin Contra

A

Bleeding, PUD

92
Q

Aspirin Nsg

A

Chew first dose (325mg) in MI, monitor for bleeding

93
Q

Enoxaparin Class/Tx

A

Low molecular weight heparin/anticoagulant

94
Q

Enoxaparin AE

A

Hemorrhage, thrombocytopenia

95
Q

Enoxaparin Nsg

A

Monitoring not required, avoid use of NSAIDs or salycilates

96
Q

Levothyroxine Class/Tx

A

Thyroid hormone/hypothyroidism

97
Q

Levothyroxine AE

A

Hyperthyroidism

98
Q

Levothyroxine Contra

A

MI, CVD

99
Q

Levothyroxine Nsg

A

Give on empty stomach at same time everyday

100
Q

Allopurinol Class

A

Antigout

101
Q

Allopurinol AE

A

N/V (give with food), rash

102
Q

Allopurinol Contra

A

Impaired renal/liver fxn

103
Q

Allopurinol Nsg

A

If rash develops, stop med and notify HCP

104
Q

Metoprolol Class/Tx

A

Cardioselective beta blocker/BP

105
Q

Metoprolol AE

A

Bradycardia, AV block

106
Q

Metoprolol Nsg

A

*Avoid sudden change in position (orthostatic hypoTN, *monitor for drop in BP

107
Q

Metoprolol Contra

A

*Asthma and COPD

108
Q

Carvidelol Class/Tx

A

Alpha and beta blocker/BP

109
Q

Carveidelol AE

A

*Hyperglycemia, bronchoconstriction

110
Q

Carvidelol Contra

A

*Asthma and COPD

111
Q

Carvidelol Nsg

A

Avoid sudden changes in position (orthostatic hypoTN), *monitor BP

112
Q

Sildenafil Class/Tx

A

PDE5 inhibitor/ED

113
Q

Sildenafil AE

A

MI, priapism

114
Q

Sildenafil Contra

A

*Nitrates

115
Q

Sildenafil Nsg

A

Can be taken daily or prior to sex

116
Q

Sumatriptan Class/Tx

A

Serotonin receptor agonist/migraine

117
Q

Sumatriptan AE

A

Chest pain/pressure, coronary vasospasm

118
Q

Sumatriptan Nsg

A

May take w/ food, take at first sign of HA

Pharmacology 2 (5 decks)

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