pharm 201 Final Flashcards
1
Q
HCTZ Class
A
Thiazide diuretic
2
Q
HCTZ AE
A
*HypoK, hyperglycemia, dehydration
3
Q
HCTZ Nsg
A
Can be IV, monitor K, take first thing in the morning and 2nd dose by 1400 to prevent nocturia
4
Q
Furosemide Class
A
Loop diuretic
5
Q
Furosemide AE
A
*HypoK, dehydration, hypoNA, hypoTN
6
Q
Furosemide Contra
A
Caution in DM and gout
7
Q
Furosemide Nsg
A
Monitor BP, I/O and edema
8
Q
Spironolactone Class
A
K-sparing diuretic
9
Q
Spironolactone AE
A
*HyperK, impotence(M)/menstrual cycle irregularities (F)
10
Q
Spironolactone Contra
A
HyperK, kidney failure, anuria
11
Q
Spironolactone Nsg
A
*Monitor K, avoid salt substitutes containing K
12
Q
Lisinopril Class/Tx
A
ACE Inhibitor/BP
13
Q
Lisinopril AE
A
Cough, first-dose orthostatic hypoTN, angioedema
14
Q
Lisinopril Contra
A
Bilateral renal artery stenosis, pts w/ one kidney
15
Q
Lisinopril Nsg
A
Can be taken w/ or w/o food, monitor BP for 2 hrs after first dose
16
Q
Morphine Class/Tx
A
Opioid agonist/Pain…lots of pain.
17
Q
Morphine AE
A
*Resp depression (stop opioid if resp rate less than 12)
18
Q
Morphine Contra
A
After biliary tract surgery, kidney failure
19
Q
Morphine Nsg
A
Admin slow IV (4-5 minutes), reverse w/ Naloxone, for CA admin on fixed schedule around the clock,
20
Q
Diltiazem Class/Tx
A
CCB/BP
21
Q
Diltiazem AE
A
*Orthostatic hypoTN, *decreased O2 demand to the heart (will need to increase O2 supply), *Constipation (advise pt to increase fiber and fluids in diet
22
Q
Diltiazem Contra
A
Caution in kidney, liver, HF, or GERD
23
Q
Diltiazem Nsg
A
*Decreases conduction in SA and AV nodes
24
Q
Nitroglycerin Class/Tx
A
Organic Nitrate/Angina
25
Nitro AE
*HA, orthostatic hypoTN, reflex tachycardia
26
Nitro Contra
*Antihypertensive meds (specifically Furosemide) contribute to hypoTN effect
27
Nitro Nsg
*For HA take acetaminophen
28
Digoxin Class/Tx
Cardiac Glycoside/HF
29
Digoxin AE
*Yellowish halos (toxicity), dysrhythmias, GI effects, CNS effects
30
Digoxin Contra
Irregular ventricular rhythm, heart block
31
Digoxin Nsg
Check apical pulse (must be greater than 60), admin at same time daily
32
Metformin Class/Tx
Oral antidiabetic/DM
33
Metformin AE
GI effects, Vit B-12 and fo9lic acid deficiency
34
Metformin Contra
Severe infection, shock, or any hypoxic condition, DKA
35
Metformin Nsg
Take IR tabs BID w/ breakfast and dinner, take SR tabs once daily w/ dinner
36
Glipizide Class/Tx
Oral antidiabetic/DM
37
Glipizide AE
Hypoglycemia
38
Glipizide Contra
DKA, caution in renal/liver/heart failure
39
Glipizide Nsg
Take 30 min before meal
40
Albuterol Class/Tx
Beta2-adrenergic agonist/Asthma (bronchoconstriction)
41
Albuterol AE
*Tachycardia, *palpations, *tremors
42
Albuterol Contra
Tachydysrhytmia
43
Albuterol Nsg
*Give before inhaled glucocorticoid (specifically Budesonide)
44
Budesonide Class/Tx
Inhaled glucocorticoid/Asthma
45
Budesonide Nsg
Used for long-term prophylaxis of asthma
46
Tiotropium Class/Tx
Inhaled anticholinergic/COPD (bronchospasm)
47
Tiotropium AE
Anticholinergic effects
48
Tiotropium Contra
Allergy to peanuts, caution in narrow-angle glaucoma and BPH
49
Tiotropium Nsg
Rinse mouth after admin (taste)
50
Clopidogrel Class/Tx
Anti-platelet/Unstable angina
51
Clopidogrel AE
*Hemorrhage, abd pain, dyspnea, diarrhea, rash
52
Clopidogrel Contra
*Intracranial hemorrhage, *active GI bleed, *any med that may enhance bleeding
53
Clopidogrel Nsg
*Monitor for bleeding, d/c 7 days before elective surgery
54
Budesonide AE
*Oral candadiasis
55
Ciprofloxacin Class/Tx
Flouroquinolone/Abx
56
Ciprofloxacin AE
*Tendon rupture, *phototoxicity
57
Ciprofloxacin Contra
Younger than 18, risk for C-diff
58
Ciprofloxacin Nsg
Urine sample must be acquired before beginning tx
59
Tamsulosin MOA/Tx
Relaxes smooth muscle/HTN, BPH
60
Tamsulosin AE
Abnormal ejaculation
61
Tamsulosin Contra
Women, caution in renal impairment
62
Tamsulosin Nsg
Monitor BP, take 30 min after meal and at same time every day
63
Metoclopramide Class/Tx
Dopamine antagonists/Antiemetics
64
Metoclopramide AE
Extrapyramidal symptoms (restlessness, anxiety, spasms of face and neck), sedation, D
65
Metoclopramide Contra
Caution in urinary retention/obstruction, asthma, narrow-angle glaucoma
66
Metoclopramide Nsg
ETOH increases risk of seizure, keep hydrated, monitor for constipation
67
Pantoprazole Clas/Tx
PPI/Reduce gastric acid secretion
68
Pantoprazole Contra
Long-term increases risk for osteoporosis, risk for pneumonia in COPD
69
Pantoprazole Nsg
Do not crush, increase water intake to 10 glasses/day
70
Ondansetron Class/Tx
Serotonin antagonist/Antiemetic
71
Ondansetron AE
*Prolonged QT interval, *increased risk of Torsades de Pointes
72
Ondansetron Contra
Prolonged QT interval
73
Ondansetron Nsg
w/ cancer pts: combine 3 antiemetics and admin prior to chemo is more effective than treating N that is already occurring
74
Metronidazole Class/Tx
Antiprotozoal/Broad spectrum abx
75
Metronidazole AE
Metallic taste, GI effects, dark urine
76
Metronidazole Contra
CNS dissorders
77
Metronidazole Nsg
Complete full course of med (usually 14 days)
78
Atorvastatin Class/Tx
HMG COA reductase inhibitor ("-statin")/High cholesterol
79
Atorvastatin AE
*Hepatotoxicity, *N/V/A, *hyperglycemia
80
Atorvastatin Contra
*Prego cat X
81
Atorvastatin Nsg
*Take in evening b/c most cholesterol is synthesized during the night
82
Erythropoetin Class/Tx
Erythropoetic growth factors/increases production of RBCs
83
Erythropoetin AE
HA/body aches, increased risk for DVT, HTN
84
Erythropoetin Contra
Uncontrolled HTN, certain cancers
85
Erythropoetin Nsg
*Do not shake, obtain baseline VS
86
Warfarin Class/Tx
Oral anticoagulant/thrombosis or prevention
87
Warfarin AE
Hemorrhage, hepatitis
88
Warfarin Contra
Low platelet count, vit K deficiencies
89
Aspirin Class/Tx
Antiplatelet/thrombus prevention
90
Aspirin AE
GI effects, hemorrhagic stroke
91
Aspirin Contra
Bleeding, PUD
92
Aspirin Nsg
Chew first dose (325mg) in MI, monitor for bleeding
93
Enoxaparin Class/Tx
Low molecular weight heparin/anticoagulant
94
Enoxaparin AE
Hemorrhage, thrombocytopenia
95
Enoxaparin Nsg
Monitoring not required, avoid use of NSAIDs or salycilates
96
Levothyroxine Class/Tx
Thyroid hormone/hypothyroidism
97
Levothyroxine AE
Hyperthyroidism
98
Levothyroxine Contra
MI, CVD
99
Levothyroxine Nsg
Give on empty stomach at same time everyday
100
Allopurinol Class
Antigout
101
Allopurinol AE
N/V (give with food), rash
102
Allopurinol Contra
Impaired renal/liver fxn
103
Allopurinol Nsg
If rash develops, stop med and notify HCP
104
Metoprolol Class/Tx
Cardioselective beta blocker/BP
105
Metoprolol AE
Bradycardia, AV block
106
Metoprolol Nsg
*Avoid sudden change in position (orthostatic hypoTN, *monitor for drop in BP
107
Metoprolol Contra
*Asthma and COPD
108
Carvidelol Class/Tx
Alpha and beta blocker/BP
109
Carveidelol AE
*Hyperglycemia, bronchoconstriction
110
Carvidelol Contra
*Asthma and COPD
111
Carvidelol Nsg
Avoid sudden changes in position (orthostatic hypoTN), *monitor BP
112
Sildenafil Class/Tx
PDE5 inhibitor/ED
113
Sildenafil AE
MI, priapism
114
Sildenafil Contra
*Nitrates
115
Sildenafil Nsg
Can be taken daily or prior to sex
116
Sumatriptan Class/Tx
Serotonin receptor agonist/migraine
117
Sumatriptan AE
Chest pain/pressure, coronary vasospasm
118
Sumatriptan Nsg
May take w/ food, take at first sign of HA
