Pharm 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Losartan

A

Angiotensin II Receptor Blocker - HTN and heart failure
Less side effects the ACE, newer,

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1
Q

Lisinopril

A

Ace Inhibitor
HTN and blood flow, wide use esp heart failure, nephropathy
Don’t take with diuretics
Cough, hyperkalemia
Face edema is adverse (angioedema)

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2
Q

Diltiazem

A

Calcium Channel Blocker
BP and Angina,
slow heart rate and output, Not for Heart Failure, can make edema worse

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3
Q

Amlodipine/Nifedipine

A

stable chronic angina
Calcium Channel Blocker
BP and Angina,
slow heart rate and output, Not for Heart Failure, can make edema worse

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4
Q

Doxazosin

A

BPH and HTN
Alpha Adrenergic Blockers
Can cause Orthostatic Hypotension and Impotence

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5
Q

Tamsulosin

A

Only BPH
Alpha Adrenergic Blockers
Can cause Orthostatic Hypotension and Impotence

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6
Q

Metoprolol

A

Beta Blockers - Decreased cardiac output resulting in stabilization and angina relief, many other uses like MI. Watch for AV block

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7
Q

Clonidine

A

Centrally Acting Alpha 2 Agonists - Lowers HTN, minimal orthostatic effect, Some CNS depression

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8
Q

Carvedilol

A

Alpha/Beta Blocker - Lowers HTN and HR

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9
Q

Hydralazine

A

Arterial Vasodilator - BP dilation including pre/eclampsia

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10
Q

Digoxin

A

Cardiac Glycoside - Increases cardiac output in mild heart failure. Controls HR and rhythm, decrease edema, narrow therapeutic range. Na K pump, adverse hypokalemia

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11
Q

Order

A

Diuretics come first. Hold inhaler in for 10 sec

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12
Q

Angiotensin & Aldosterone

A

constriction and retention. Increase either and increase BP

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13
Q

Bronchodilators

A

Can cause blood vessels to constrict and reflex tachycardia

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14
Q

Albuterol

A

Short Acting Beta Adrenergics SABA Airways smooth muscle relaxes, for rescue situations
BP changes, tachycardia. Headache, tremor

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15
Q

Salmeterol

A

Long Acting Beta Adrenergics LABA. Airways smooth muscle relaxes

16
Q

Aminophylline

A

Bronchodilator - Xanthine Derivative - CNS/Cardiac Stimulant
COPD, asthma but not attack. No caffeine, lots of interactions

17
Q

Tiotropium & Ipratropium

A

Anticholinergics - Less Acetylcholine leads to bronchodilation and air to lungs. COPD

18
Q

Prednisone
Fluticasone (flonase or inhaler)
Beclomethasone Inhaler
Methylprednisolone IV

A

Corticosteroids - Decrease inflammation and immune cells, esp swollen mucous membranes. Systemic or inhaled. Immune-glucose-antibiotics axis

19
Q

Montelukast

A

long term use for reduced inflammation and smooth muscle relaxation. Not a bronchodilator. Leukotriene Antagonists LTRA - Serious mood related changes and behaviors
Long term asthma

20
Q

Seudoephedrine

A

(Sudated) Allergy/Cold Symptoms. Dries. Caution in Cardiac

21
Q

Guaifenesin

A

(Mucinex) Thinner mucus - NPO for 30 minutes after syrup

22
Q

Mucolytics/Acetylcysteine

A

Weaker protein bonds in mucus, thin and clear. Also acetaminophen antidote. Can cause bronchospams and smells gross

23
Q

Antihistamines

A

Drugs that directly compete with histamine for H1 & H2 receptor sites. Antagonist, but more effective in preventing actions of histamine than reversing them. Reduced immune activity and thus constriction of blood vessels and reduced secretions

24
Q

Diphenhydramine

A

(Benadryl) Antihistamine Sedating

25
Q

Cetirizine

A

(Zyrtec) Antihistamine Non-sedating

26
Q

Anaphylaxis

A

Release of excessive amounts of histamine
Anaphylaxis is always treated with epinephrine. Not antihistamines!