Pharm 2

Question 1

Losartan

Answer 1

Angiotensin II Receptor Blocker - HTN and heart failure
Less side effects the ACE, newer,

Question 1

Lisinopril

Answer 1

Ace Inhibitor
HTN and blood flow, wide use esp heart failure, nephropathy
Don’t take with diuretics
Cough, hyperkalemia
Face edema is adverse (angioedema)

Question 2

Diltiazem

Answer 2

Calcium Channel Blocker
BP and Angina,
slow heart rate and output, Not for Heart Failure, can make edema worse

Question 3

Amlodipine/Nifedipine

Answer 3

stable chronic angina
Calcium Channel Blocker
BP and Angina,
slow heart rate and output, Not for Heart Failure, can make edema worse

Question 4

Doxazosin

Answer 4

BPH and HTN
Alpha Adrenergic Blockers
Can cause Orthostatic Hypotension and Impotence

Question 5

Tamsulosin

Answer 5

Only BPH
Alpha Adrenergic Blockers
Can cause Orthostatic Hypotension and Impotence

Question 6

Metoprolol

Answer 6

Beta Blockers - Decreased cardiac output resulting in stabilization and angina relief, many other uses like MI. Watch for AV block

Question 7

Clonidine

Answer 7

Centrally Acting Alpha 2 Agonists - Lowers HTN, minimal orthostatic effect, Some CNS depression

Question 8

Carvedilol

Answer 8

Alpha/Beta Blocker - Lowers HTN and HR

Question 9

Hydralazine

Answer 9

Arterial Vasodilator - BP dilation including pre/eclampsia

Question 10

Digoxin

Answer 10

Cardiac Glycoside - Increases cardiac output in mild heart failure. Controls HR and rhythm, decrease edema, narrow therapeutic range. Na K pump, adverse hypokalemia

Question 11

Order

Answer 11

Diuretics come first. Hold inhaler in for 10 sec

Question 12

Angiotensin & Aldosterone

Answer 12

constriction and retention. Increase either and increase BP

Question 13

Bronchodilators

Answer 13

Can cause blood vessels to constrict and reflex tachycardia

Question 14

Albuterol

Answer 14

Short Acting Beta Adrenergics SABA Airways smooth muscle relaxes, for rescue situations
BP changes, tachycardia. Headache, tremor

Question 15

Salmeterol

Answer 15

Long Acting Beta Adrenergics LABA. Airways smooth muscle relaxes

Question 16

Aminophylline

Answer 16

Bronchodilator - Xanthine Derivative - CNS/Cardiac Stimulant
COPD, asthma but not attack. No caffeine, lots of interactions

Question 17

Tiotropium & Ipratropium

Answer 17

Anticholinergics - Less Acetylcholine leads to bronchodilation and air to lungs. COPD

Question 18

Prednisone
Fluticasone (flonase or inhaler)
Beclomethasone Inhaler
Methylprednisolone IV

Answer 18

Corticosteroids - Decrease inflammation and immune cells, esp swollen mucous membranes. Systemic or inhaled. Immune-glucose-antibiotics axis

Question 19

Montelukast

Answer 19

long term use for reduced inflammation and smooth muscle relaxation. Not a bronchodilator. Leukotriene Antagonists LTRA - Serious mood related changes and behaviors
Long term asthma

Question 20

Seudoephedrine

Answer 20

(Sudated) Allergy/Cold Symptoms. Dries. Caution in Cardiac

Question 21

Guaifenesin

Answer 21

(Mucinex) Thinner mucus - NPO for 30 minutes after syrup

Question 22

Mucolytics/Acetylcysteine

Answer 22

Weaker protein bonds in mucus, thin and clear. Also acetaminophen antidote. Can cause bronchospams and smells gross

Question 23

Antihistamines

Answer 23

Drugs that directly compete with histamine for H1 & H2 receptor sites. Antagonist, but more effective in preventing actions of histamine than reversing them. Reduced immune activity and thus constriction of blood vessels and reduced secretions

Question 24

Diphenhydramine

Answer 24

(Benadryl) Antihistamine Sedating

Question 25

Cetirizine

Answer 25

(Zyrtec) Antihistamine Non-sedating

Question 26

Anaphylaxis

Answer 26

Release of excessive amounts of histamine Anaphylaxis is always treated with epinephrine. Not antihistamines!