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Pharm 2 > 5 > Flashcards

5 Flashcards

1
Q

Lispro

A

Rapid
Humalog
Onset: 15-30min
Peak: 1 hour
Duration: 2-4 hours

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2
Q

Aspart

A

Rapid
Novolog
Onset: 15-30min
Peak: 1 hour
Duration: 2-4 hours

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3
Q

Regular

A

SC/IV
Short acting
Onset: 30-60min
Peak: 1-5 hours
Duration: 6-10 hours

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4
Q

NPH

A

Intermediate
Onset: 1-2hrs
Peak: 6-14hrs
Duration: 16-24hrs
Draw up clear before cloudy

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5
Q

Glargine

A

Long Acting
Onset: 70 min
Peak: No peak
Duration: 18 - 24hrs
Never Mix

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6
Q

Detemir

A

Long Acting
Onset: 1-2hrs
Peak: 6-8hrs
Duration: up to 24hrs

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7
Q

Glucagon

A

Elevates blood sugar, made by pancreas

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8
Q

Glipizide

A

Increases insulin sensitivity and higher output from pancreas
Dont combine with beta blocker
Sun screen

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9
Q

Repaglinide

A

Stimulates insulin release
Take within 30 min of meal
Monitor signs of confusion

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10
Q

Metformin

A

Lowers glucose production in liver and absorption in intestines
May cause lactic acidosis, metallic taste
May need B12 and folic acid supplement

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11
Q

Pioglitazone

A

Increases insulin production and sensitivity, more glucose utilization
Monitor liver function
Can cause weak bones

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12
Q

Acarbose

A

Metabolizes larger into monosaccharides that are more easily absorbed
Abd Pain
Jaundice and skin reactions

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13
Q

Sitagliptin

A

Increased insulin production
Can cause pancreatitis

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14
Q

Dulaglutide

A

Increases insulin and cyclic AMP
Given as 2 separate injections, don’t mix with insulin

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15
Q

Empagliflozin

A

Lower absorption of glucose and more in urine
Monitor jaundice

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16
Q

Levothyroxine

A

Can treat hypothyroidism
Monitor hypothyroidism
Early admin with water

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17
Q

Methimazole

A

Inhibits thyroid hormones (for hyper)
Frequent weight monitoring

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18
Q

Propylthiouracil (PTU)

A

Inhibits thyroid hormones (for hyper, usually graves) prevents thyroid levels
Frequent weight monitoring
Thyroid function tests

19
Q

Memantine

A

Dementia neuronal receptor blocker
Reduce in renal impairment

20
Q

Donepezil

A

Dementia Cholinesterase inhibitors
Slows disease by increases Ach
Stimulant effects
Cholinergic crisis - monitor for bradycardia

21
Q

Rivastigmine

A

Dementia Cholinesterase inhibitors
Slows disease by increases Ach
Stimulant effects
Cholinergic crisis -

22
Q

Levodopa/carbidopa

A

PD - Increases dopamine
Always given as combo
Diminishes over time - 5yrs
Give some, GI upset at first
carbidopa enhances Levodopa

23
Q

Selegiline

A

PD
Effects MAO-B for modest improvement
24 months wears off
Drug Interactions: Opioids, SSRIs

24
Q

Benztropine

A

PD
Reduces tremors but minimally effective
Tolerated well but caution in elderly

25
Q

Sumatriptan

A

Anti-Migraine
Aborting an ongoing attack
Causes vasoconstriction

26
Q

Topiramate

A

Anti-Migraine
Preventive therapy
Takes several weeks to work, do not stop abruptly
Interacts with oral contraceptives

27
Q

Raloxifene

A

Calcium Balance
Similar to estrogen for use in Osteoporosis & Breast cancer
Increased DVT
Abortion

28
Q

Alendronate

A

Calcium balance
Decreases osteoclast in osteoporosis
Taken by itself, first med of day, and keep upright for 30 min

29
Q

Allopurinol

A

Antigout
Prevent disease progression by systemic reduction of uric acid and its crystals, not for acute attacks

30
Q

Cholchicine

A

Antigout - Uric acid crystals
Not first line anymore

31
Q

Methotrexate

A

Rheumatoid Arthritis
Rapid-acting after first 3-6 weeks and often first choice
Weekly oral, sc, IM admin
No vaccines and frequent blood tests
Folic acid to reduce GI effects

32
Q

Etanercept

A

Rheumatoid Arthritis
Suppress immune system (life threatening infections)
Administration weekly sc

33
Q

Latanoprost

A

Glaucoma
Lowers IOP by facilitating aqueous humor outflow

34
Q

Brimonidine

A

Glaucoma- Decreased aqueous humor formation
First choice for long term

35
Q

Timolol

A

Glaucoma
Lower IOP by reducing production of aqueous humor
Can cause bronchospasm

36
Q

Dorzolamide

A

Glaucoma
Decreasing production of aqueous humor
Allergic reaction in 10% to 15%

37
Q

Atropine ophthalmic solution

A

Used before eye examinations to dilate the pupil
Anticholinergics

38
Q

Prednisolone

A

Eye Corticosteroid
short term use in patients not responding to other meds
Causes reduced inflammation

39
Q

Phenobarbital

A

Anti-Seizure Barbiturate
Neuropsychologic effects: drowsiness, sedation

40
Q

Phenytoin

A

Anti-Seizure
Focal-onset and tonic-clonic seizures
highly protein bound

41
Q

Levetiracetam

A

Anti-Seizure
Drowsiness

42
Q

Valproic acid

A

Anti-Seizure, bipolar
Hepatotoxicity: Liver failure

43
Q

Lorazepam & Diazepam

A

Anti-Seizure Benzodiazepines
CNS depression

Pharm 2 (5 decks)

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