Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Pharmacology > Pharm 12.2 > Flashcards

Pharm 12.2 Flashcards

1
Q

Echinacea active constituents

A

chicoric acid, alkamide, polysaccharides

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

echinacea used clinically

A

fress pressed juice, alcoholic root extract

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

echinacea effects

A

immuneomodulator, anti-infalmmatory, antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral, antioxidant activity(weak)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

echinacea uses

A

treat/prophylaxis of flu and cold and upper respiratory tract infections

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

echinacea adverse effects

A

oral use: unpleasant taste, GI upset, IV use: fever, shivering, headace, vomiting

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Garlic (allium sativum) active constituent

A

organosulfer compound (allicin)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

garlic on HMG CoA reductase

A

inhibits HMG CoA reductase interfering with cholesterol biosynthesis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

garlic and platelets

A

anti platelet and fibrinolytic activity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

garlic and atherosclerosis

A

anti atherosclerotic activity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

garlic and channels

A

opens potassium channels - vasodialation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

garlic and NO synthesis

A

garlic stimulates NO synthesis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

garlic and ACE

A

garlic inhibits ACE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

garlic and endocrine

A

hypoglycemic effects

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

garlic and microbes

A

antimicrobial so inhibits gm+, Gm- bacteria, fungi, protozoa, viruses

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

garlic and cancer

A

antineoplastic and inhibits procarcinogens

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

garlic adverse effects

A

nausea, hypotension, allergy, bad odor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

garlic drug interaction

A

with warfarin and asprin –so due to antiplatelet effects garlic should be used cautiously otherwise tendancy to bleed; Saqunavir —garlic may reduce the bioavailability of this antiviral protease inhibitor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Ginko (ginko biloba) part used

A

leaves of ginko tree

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

ginko active constituents

A

flavone glycosides and terpenoids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

ginko CVS effects

A

inc blood flow, in NO causing vasodialation, antiplatelet

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

ginko metabolic effects

A

antioxidant, free radical scaventer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

ginko CNS

A

frequently used to treat “cerebral insufficiency” and dementia of Alzheimer type, improves concentration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

ginko adverse effects

A

nausea, stomach upset, diarrhea, headache, alergy, anxiety, insomnia, bleeding complications

24
Q

ginseng (panax ginseng, panax qunquefolium) active principle

A

many varieties of ginsenosides or panaxosides

25
Q

ginseng source

A

root of the plant

26
Q

ginseng pharmacological effects

A

immune modulation, ergogenic/energizing, nootropi/memory enhancing, hypoglycemic, anticancer activity, anti-inflammatory and anti-stress activity

27
Q

ginseng adverse effects

A

vaginal bleeding and mastalgia (pain in breast), insomnia, nervousness, hypertension

28
Q

ginseng drug interactions

A

psychiatric, estrogenic, or hypoglycemic medications and warfarin

29
Q

Kava (piper methysticum) active principle

A

kavaloactones or kavapyrones

30
Q

kava on CNS

A

mild sedation - similar to bzd but use diff receptors

31
Q

kava used for

A

anxiety

32
Q

milk thistle (silybum marianum) active principle

A

silymarin

33
Q

milk thistle parts used

A

fruit and seed

34
Q

milk thistle effects

A

free radical scavenger, hepatoprotective, anti-inflammatory, anti-neoplastic

35
Q

milk thistle uses

A

cirrhosis, hepatitis, hypercholesterolemia

36
Q

St. John’s Wort (hypericum perforatum) active constituents

A

hypericin, hyperforin

37
Q

st. John’s wort pharmacological effects

A

inhibits NE, 5HT, DA reuptake

38
Q

St. John’s wort used in

A

depression

39
Q

St. John’s wort adverse effects

A

photosensitization (patients should be instructed to wear sunscreen while using it), hypomania, mania, autonomic arousal

40
Q

St. John’s wort drug interactions

A

antidepressants, CNS stimulants (risk of serotonin syndrom and hypertensive crisis), enzyme induction (leads to increased metabolism of many drugs)

41
Q

Saw Palmetto (serenoa repens) active constituents

A

phytosterols

42
Q

Saw palmetto effects

A

inhibits 5 alpha reductase inhibiting testosterone conversion to dihydortestosterone

43
Q

saw palmetto use

A

BPH

44
Q

DHEA (dehydroepiandrosteron) effects

A

antiaging, inc libido, inc sense of well being

45
Q

DHEA side effects

A

hair loss, acne, breast cancer

46
Q

Nutritional supplements

A

melatonin, glucosamine

47
Q

Melatonin

A

5HT derivative preduced by pineal gland and other tissue, responsible for regulating sleep wake cycle

48
Q

Melatonin uses

A

Jet lag, insomnia

49
Q

melatonin adverse effects

A

drowsiness, lowers LH so not good for woment trying to conceive and nursing women

50
Q

Glucosamine

A

found in human tissue, substrate for the production of articular cartilage and also serves as a cartilage nutrient, commercially derived from rabs and other crustaceans

51
Q

glucosamine uses

A

primariy pain associated with knee arthritis

52
Q

Coenzyme Q10

A

also known as CoQ, coQ10 and ubiquinione, mound in mitochondria of heart kidney, liver, skeletal muscle etc

53
Q

CoQ10 after injestion

A

the reduced from, ubiquinol predominates

54
Q

CoQ10 uses

A

hypertension, heart failure, ischemic heart disease, prevention of statin-induce myopathy

55
Q

CoQ10 adverse effects

A

GI upset

56
Q

CoQ10 drug interaction

A

may dec effects of warfarin since structurally similar

Pharmacology (15 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions