PHAK CH 2 (ADM) Flashcards
ADM Definition
Aeronautical Decision Making: is decision making in the aviation environment. It is a systematic approach to the mental process used by pilots to consistently determine the best course of action in response to a given set of circumstances. Systematic approach to stress management and risk assessment
Leading Reason for Aviation Accidents and Percentage
80% of all aviation accidents are related to human factors and the vast majority of those occur during takeoff and landing.
Advisory Circular Related to ADM
AC 60-22: provides pertinent information about ADM training in the general aviation environment.
Crew Resource Management Training (CRM) Definition
Specific training for flight crews focusing on the effective use of all available resources: Human Resources, hardware, and information to facilitate crew cooperation and improve decision making. Developed to improve ADM amongst airliner pilots
ADM Results
The pilots who received ADM-training made fewer-in-flight errors than those who had not under gone the training. The differences ranged from 10 to 50 percent fewer judgement errors. Proving “good judgement can be taught”.
6 Steps for Good Decision-Making
1) Identifying Hazardous Personal Attitudes
2) Learning Behavior Modifying Techniques
3) Learning How to Recognize and Cope with Stress
4) Developing Risk Assessment Skills
5) Using All Resources
6) Personal Evaluations of One’s ADM Skills
Risk Management Definition
To proactively identify safety-related hazards and mitigate the associated risks.
Risk Management Process (6 Steps)
1) Identify Hazards
2) Assess Risks
3) Analyze Controls
4) Make Control Decisions
5) Use Controls
6) Monitor Results
Fundamental Principles of Risk Management
1) Accept No Unnecessary Risk (Flight is Naturally Risky, Mitigate when Possible)
2) Make Risk Decisions at the Appropriate Level (You are the PIC)
3) Accept Risk when the Benefits Outweigh the Dangers (Manage the Costs within Reason)
4) Integrate Risk Management into All Levels of Flight Planning
Single Pilot Resource Management (SRM) Definition
To ensure Single Pilots have the situational management skills (through the use of risk management, ADM, task management) to manage the aircrafts control and navigation tasks safely. *Trains the singular pilot to accurately assess and manage risk while making accurate and timely decisions. Helps pilot to gather information, analyze it, and make decisions. *
Hazard vs Risk
Hazard: one singular condition, event or circumstance
Risk: cumulative hazards as a whole
The 5 Hazardous Attitudes and Their Antidotes
Anti-Authority “Don’t Tell Me” FOLLOW THE RULES. THEY ARE RIGHT.
Impulsivity “Do it Quickly” NOT SO FAST. THINK FIRST.
Invulnerability “It Won’t Happen to Me” IT COULD HAPPEN TO ME.
Macho “I Can Do It” TAKING CHANCES IS FOOLISH
Resignation “What’s the Use?” IM NOT HELPLESS. I CAN MAKE A DIFFERENCE.
General Overview of the Risk Assessment Matrix (Include definition of Likelihood and Severity)
A model for Assisting in the Process of Accessing Risk:
Likelihood: taking a situation and determining the process of it occurring. Rated as probable, occasional, remote, or improbable.
The Severity of an Event: the severity or consequence of a pilot’s actions. Rated ascatastrophic, critical, marginal, negligible
Likelihood of an Event Ratings
Probable- an event will occur several times
Occasional- an event probably occur sometime
Remote- an event is unlikely to occur, but is possible
Improbable- an event is highly unlikely to occur
Severity of an Event Ratings
Catastrophic- results in fatalities, total loss
Critical- severe injury, major damage
Marginal- minor injury, minor damage
Negligible- less than minor injury, less than minor system damage
