pg91 Flashcards
What is the arrangement of vascular bundles in monocot stems?
Scattered
In monocots, the vascular bundles are not organized in a specific pattern.
What is the arrangement of vascular bundles in dicot stems?
Arranged in a ring
In dicots, vascular bundles form a ring around the edge of the stem.
What are the two main types of root systems?
Tap roots and fibrous roots
Tap roots are characteristic of dicots, while fibrous roots are typical of monocots.
What is the zone of cell division in roots?
Zone at the root tip where cells divide by mitosis
This zone is crucial for root growth.
What protects the root tip as it grows through the soil?
Root cap
The root cap is a protective structure that shields the root tip.
What is the purpose of the zone of elongation in roots?
Increase the length of the root
This zone consists of newly formed cells that elongate.
What is the zone of maturation in roots?
Area where cells differentiate into specialized cells
Root hair cells are located in this zone, enhancing absorption.
What do root hair cells provide?
A large surface area for absorption
These cells are crucial for water and nutrient uptake.
What are clasping roots adapted for?
Allow vines and epiphytes to grow on fences and trees
Examples include passion fruit and orchids.
What is the function of large buttress roots?
Support large trees
An example is the silk cotton tree.
What do prop roots do?
Stabilize a plant
Examples include red mangrove and corn.
What are breathing roots (pneumatophores) used for?
Allow the root system to obtain air
An example is the black mangrove.
Where are vascular bundles located in monocot roots?
Arranged in a ring
This differs from dicots, where the xylem is in an x-shape at the center.
In dicot roots, where is the xylem located?
Towards the center in an x-shape
The xylem is surrounded by phloem.
What is the stele in roots?
Central part of the root containing vascular tissue
The stele plays a key role in transport within the root.
