pg90 Flashcards
What is the primary function of leaves in photosynthesis?
Absorption of light and carbon dioxide
Leaves have a broad surface area that facilitates this process.
Why are epidermal cells in leaves transparent?
To allow light penetration
This transparency is crucial for photosynthesis.
What is the advantage of leaves being thin?
Provides a short diffusion distance for gases
This feature enhances the efficiency of gas exchange.
Where are palisade mesophyll cells located and why are they important?
Near the upper surface of the leaf; they have more chloroplasts
This positioning maximizes exposure to light.
What is the role of the vascular system in leaves?
Transport substances for photosynthesis and food to other parts
Water is transported to the leaf, and food is transported away.
What is the function of stems in plants?
Transport substances and attach buds, leaves, flowers, and fruit
Stems play a critical role in plant structure and function.
Name a type of modified stem that plays a role in food storage and asexual reproduction.
Rhizomes
An example is ginger.
What are tubers and provide an example?
Underground swollen stems that store food; e.g., potato
Tubers serve as energy reserves for the plant.
What are runners/stolons and their function?
Horizontal above-ground stems that aid in asexual reproduction
An example is grass.
What is a bulb in botanical terms?
A large bud surrounded by fleshy leaves for vegetative reproduction
Onions are a common example.
What are the three main types of plant tissues?
Dermal, vascular, and ground tissue
Each type has distinct functions in plant structure.
What is the role of dermal tissue in plants?
Protective function
The epidermis serves as the outer layer of protection.
How do xylem and phloem function in vascular tissue?
Xylem transports water; phloem transports food
In vascular bundles, phloem is outside, and xylem is inside.
What is the cambium in the context of plant anatomy?
A layer of cells between xylem and phloem that divides to produce them
This layer is essential for growth and development.
What is the function of ground tissue in plants?
Fills spaces, carries out photosynthesis, provides support, and stores food
Parenchyma cells are a key component of ground tissue.
