PEx 11 (1, 3, & 4) Flashcards
A hematocrit of 40 means that
40% of the volume of blood consists of RBCs
The diagnosis of anemia indicates
a lower than normal hematocrit
Polycythemia refers to
a significant increase in RBCs
Predict how the hematocrits of the patients living in Denver, Colorado (approximately one mile above sea level), will compare with the hematocrit levels of the patients living in Boston, Massachusetts (at sea level)
The hematocrits of the Denver residents will be higher than those of the Boston residents
Why would the hemoglobin levels of an anemic patient be lower than the hemoglobin levels of a normal, healthy individual?
Because hemoglobin resides in RBCs, you would anticipate a low hematocrit level to coincide with a low hemoglobin level
To complete the blood test to measure hematocrit, you must seal the blood-containing capillary tubes on one end with a clay material so that
the blood sample can be centrifuged without having the blood spray out of the tube
Possible causes of polycythemia include
living at high altitudes
You would expect anemia to develop in a person
who has abnormally shaped hemoglobin in their RBCs
A protein found in red blood cells, __________, is necessary for the transport of oxygen from the lungs to the cells of the body
hemoglobin (Hb)
How much hemoglobin does normal adult human blood contain?
12-18 g/100ml
Why is the average hematocrit higher in males than in females?
Higher testosterone levels in males promotes more RBC production
Which of the following diseases is known to increase hemoglobin levels in an individual?
polycythemia.
Which of the following is known to decrease hemoglobin levels in an individual?
cirrhosis of the liver
Red blood cell membranes have
agglutinogens that specify that individual’s blood type.
Which of the following statements about blood types is correct?
A person with type O blood has two recessive alleles and has neither the type A nor type B antigen.
Antibodies to the A and B antigens are
found preformed in the blood plasma.
Why are individuals with the AB- blood type known as universal recipients for blood transfusions?
They have both A and B antigens on the surface of their RBCs, and their blood serum does not contain antibodies against A, B, or Rh antigens.
To determine an individual’s blood type, drops of the blood sample are mixed
separately with antiserum containing antibodies that recognize either type A antigens, type B antigens, or Rh antigens.
Antigens are present in
all cells
ABO and Rh agglutinogens cause the most _______ and __________ transfusion reactions
vigorous and potentially fatal
