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Anatomy Physiology > Peters Urinary System > Flashcards

Peters Urinary System Flashcards

1
Q

Gland that separate waste from blood

A

The kidneys

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2
Q

What are the roles of the kidney

A

Blood volume pressure and composition

Removal of metabolic waste

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3
Q

True or false

Anatomically, the urinary system is closely associated with the reproductive system

A

True

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4
Q

What are the principal organs of the Urinary system?

A 
6 principal organs: 
two kidneys, 
two ureters,
urinary bladder, 
urethra.
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5
Q

Roles of the kidneys

A

∙ They filter the blood and excrete the toxic metabolic wastes.
∙ Regulate blood volume, pressure, and osmolarity by regulating water output. ∙
. Regulate the electrolyte and acid–base balance of the body fluids.
. Secrete the hormone erythropoietin, which stimulate the production of red blood cells
. Regulate calcium homeostasis and bone metabolism by participating in the synthesis of calcitriol. ∙
. Clear hormones and drugs from the blood
. Detoxify free radicals. ∙
. Synthesizing glucose from amino acids during starvation.

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6
Q

Among the most toxic of our metabolic wastes are small nitrogen-containing compounds called? Such as ?

A

Nitrogenous wastes

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7
Q

When proteins are _ to Amino acids what is the by product

A

Nh2

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8
Q

After nh2 is released it is converted to _ by_

A

Urea by Liver because it’s toxic to humans CO(NH2)2

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9
Q

Other nitrogenous wastes in the urine include uric acid and

A

Uric acid and creatinin

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10
Q

The level of nitrogenous waste in the blood is typically expressed
as

A

blood urea nitrogen (BUN).

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11
Q

An elevated BUN is called __

and may indicate renal insufficiency

A

azotemia1

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12
Q

What’s symptoms of uremia

A

diarrhea, vomiting, dyspnea(hard to breath), and cardiac arrhythmia stemming from the toxicity of the nitrogenous waste

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13
Q

The kidneys lie against the

A

posterior abdominal wall at the level of vertebrae T12 to L3

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14
Q

Which kidney is lower than the other?

Why?

A

Right is slightly lower because right lobe of liver

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15
Q

The kidney is the size of

A

Bar of bath soap

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16
Q

What is the hilum?

A

Site that admits neural nerves

17
Q

Name layers of kidney connective tissue

A

renal fascia
perirenal fat capsule
Fibrous capsule

18
Q

the glandular tissue that forms the urine—appears C-shaped in frontal section

A

The renal parenchyma

19
Q

The kidneys receive how many liters of blood per minute?

A

receive about 1.2 liters of blood

20
Q

Pathway of artery to kidney

A

Segmental arteries interlobar arteries corticomedullary junction arcuate arteries
cortical radiate arteries

21
Q

whats the path after afferent arteriole

A 
golmerulus then efferent arteriole
peritubular capillaries 
cortical radiate veins, 
arcuate veins to 
interlobar veins 
and renal vein.
22
Q

how many nephrons in each kidney?

A

1.2 milions nephrons

23
Q

what are parts of the Juxtamedullary nephron

A

Vasa Recta proximal convoluted tube

Distal Convoluted tubule

24
Q

The Vasa Recta is

A

the straight arterioles of kidney in the medulla of the kidney

25
Q

peritubular cappillaries are

A

are tiny blood vessels, supplied by the efferent arteriole, that travel alongside nephrons allowing reabsorption and secretion between blood and the inner lumen of the nephron.

26
Q

What’s is the two principals parts of the nephron and roles?

A

Each nephron is composed of two principal parts: a renal corpuscle, which filters the blood plasma, and a long coiled renal tubule, which converts the fil- trate to urine.

27
Q

What does the renal corpuscle composed of ?

A

Glomerulus and glomerular capsule aka bowman cap

28
Q

What type of epithelial is the Corpuscle?

A

Simple squamous

29
Q

General excretion from body are done by which organ system

A 
4 in total
Integumentary 
Respiratory 
UrinAry
Digestive
30
Q

Which kidney is slightly lower and why

A

Right kidney because right lobe of liver is above it

31
Q

The 4 major Nitrogenous wastes from the Urinary system?

A

Ammonia
UREA
Uric Acid
Creatinine

32
Q

The Four “organ systems” involved with excretion

A

Respiratory
Urinary
Digestive
Integumentary

Anatomy Physiology (8 decks)

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