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anatomy physiology > chapter 10 musculoskeletal system > Flashcards

chapter 10 musculoskeletal system Flashcards

muscle joints etc

1
Q

How many and what are fuctions of muscle

A 
5 MOVEMENT
STABILITY 
HEAT PRODUCTION
CONTROL OF OPENING
GLYCEMIC CONTROL
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2
Q

The study of muscles is called

A

myology

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3
Q

The connective tissue components, from the smallest to largest and from deep to superficial, are

A

Endomysium
Perimysium
epimysium
fascia

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4
Q

A&P of the fascia

A

sheet of connective tissue that separates neighboring muscles or from each other and from the subcutaneous tissue

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5
Q

Classification of skeletal mucsles

A 
Fusiform  muscles
Parallel muscles 
Triangular (convergent) muscles
Pennate muscles
circular muscles
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6
Q

Examples of Circular muscles include

A

external urethral sphincter

urethral sphincter

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7
Q

intermuscular septa are

A

thich fasciae

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8
Q

muscles are call direct attachment when

A

you cannot see the seperattion between muscle collagen fiber and bone

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9
Q

what is indirect attachment

A

the seperation between muscle and bone is so far the gap is bridged by tendons

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10
Q

What is an extensor muscle

A

muscle straigthens.

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11
Q

flexor muscle

A

bends and unstraigtens

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12
Q

Origin or muscle is

A

the stationary bone muscle is bound to

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13
Q

insertion muscle

A

the bone that is moving

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14
Q

intrinsic muscle is

A

muscle contained entirely within a region of interest

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15
Q

extrinsic muscle

A

A muscle that acts upon a designated organ or region such as the hand, but arises from another region such as the forearm,

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16
Q

T/F
Skeletal muscles seldom act independently; instead, they function in groups whose combined actions produce the coordinated control of a joint

A

TRUE

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17
Q

The 4 actions of skeletal muscles are

A

prime mover (agonist)
synergist : aids prime mover
antagonist: apposed prime mover
fixator: prevents bone movement ex rhomboids

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18
Q

innervation refers to

A

a particular nerve that supplies a muscle

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19
Q

Immediately after emerging from an intervertebral foramen, each spinal nerve branches into..

A

a posterior and anterior ramus.

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20
Q

define plexus

A

weblike networks of spinal nerves adjacent to the vertebral column.

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21
Q

Around how much percentage of blood pump by the heart go into muscles at rest and during physical activity?

A

25% and 75%

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22
Q

what is a hernia?

A

any condition in which the viscera protrude through a weak point in the muscular wall of the abdominopelvic cavity.

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23
Q

this muscle is located on the back and is lateral to the spine

A

trapezuis

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24
Q

what is the insertion and origin of the trapezius

also how many sections of the trapezius are there

A

inserts on scapula column and originates on vertebral column scapula

3 sections
superior
medial
inferior

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25
Q

adduction is movement

A

toward midline

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26
Q

role of each part of the trapezius 3 sections

A

superior raises and inferior decreases

intermediate moves back like a stretch

27
Q

T/F rhomboideus is a superfcial muscle

A

False it is deep

28
Q

Role of Rhomboideus?
origin ?
insertion?

A

synergist to trapezius
origin vertebrae column
insertion: scapula

29
Q

Role of SerratusAnterior?
origin ?
insertion?

A

pulls anteriorly and medially
origin on ribcage 1-8
inserts on scapula

30
Q

which muscle know ad hug muscle

A

serratus Anterior

31
Q

origin and insertion of biceps brachii

A

origin on scapula insert humerus

32
Q

abduction is

A

movement away from torso

33
Q

pectoralis major insertion and origin

A

inserts humerus

origin on clavicle and sternum

34
Q

movement of pectoralis

A

anterior abbuction movement

outward and forward
pointing

35
Q

circumduction is

A

rotation of limb

36
Q

rotator cuff is a

A

group of tendons and muscles in the shoulder

37
Q

muscles of the rotator cuff includes

A

subscapularis

infraspinatus

38
Q

tendons and muscles that connect humerus to scapula

A

Rotator cuff muscles

39
Q

muscles directly connected to scapula

A 
12 muslces 
Serratus Anterior
Supraspinatus
Subscapularis
Trapezius
Teres Major
Teres Minor
Triceps Brachii long head
Biceps Brachii
Rhomboid Major
Rhomboid Minor
Coracobrachialis
Omohyoid inferior belly
Lattisimus Dorsi
Deltoid
Levator Scapula
Infraspinatus
Pectoralis Minor
40
Q

major sections of the scapula bone

A 
acromial process
superior border
suprasinous fossa
lateral border
medial border
glenoid cavity
41
Q

what shape is the pectoralis major muscle

A

fan shaped

42
Q

Origin

insertion of Biceps Brachii

A

orgiin coracoid process and above glenoid

insertion radius

43
Q

origin/ insertion

triceps Brachii

A

3 origin
two on humerus 1 on lateral border scapula
inserts on ulna

44
Q

the two flexor muscles of the wrist are called

A

Flexor carpi radiallis

Flexor carpi ulnaris

45
Q

T/F Flexor Carpi Ulnaris flexes wrist laterally

A

False flexes medially

46
Q

flexor carpi Radialis flexes wrist laterally or medially ?

A

laterally

47
Q

supination is to rotate ..

A

outward

48
Q

pronations is to rotate

A

inward

49
Q

muscles responsible for wrist supination is the ?

which way is supination?

A

supinator muscle
biceps brachii

rotating outward or anteriorly

50
Q

muscles responsible for pronation

which way is protonation?

A

pronator teres
pronator quadratus

rotating inward or posteriorly

51
Q

The flexor digitorium splits into how many phalanges?

A

4

52
Q

role of the Palmaris Longus

A

muscle between flexor carpi radialis and flexor carpi ulnaris

53
Q

flexor carpi ulnaris runs along with metacarpel

A

the 5th metacarpel

54
Q

Brachio Radias function
origin
insertion

A

muscle of the forearm that flexes the forearm at the elbow. It is also capable of both pronation and supination

55
Q

the muscles of the forearm include

A

Flexor digitorium superficialis

Fexor carpi ulnaris
Palmaris longus 
Flexor carpi radialis
Protonator teres
Extensor carpi
Extensor digitorium
56
Q

Muscles involved in chewing and Swallowing are

A

Suprahyroid group( Digastric, Stylohyoid, and Mylohyoid

Levator Scapulae
Sternocleidomastoid

57
Q

muscles acting on the head

A

sternocleidomastoid
scalenes
Trapezius

58
Q

Prime mover of neck flexion is the

A

Sternocleidomastoid

59
Q

nuchal region on the body refers to

A

the back of the neck

60
Q 
flexor carpi radialis role?
insertion?
Origin?
what time of movement?
Nerve Supply?
Artery supply
A

Originates on the Medial epicondyle of humerus

Inserts on base of 2nd and 3rd metacarpal bones

Action Flexion of wrist/abduction of hand

Nerve Median Nerve Branch

Radial artery,

61
Q 
Protonator teres role
insertion?
Origin?
what time of movement?
Nerve Supply?
Artery supply
A

insertion: middle lateral Radius

Origin: Humeral head
Nerve: Median Nerve Branch c6,c7

62
Q

Nerves in Brachial plexus

A

C5, C6, C7, C8, and T1

63
Q

Palmaris longus

A

forearm muscle
Orignates on humerus

inserts on Flexor retinaculum

Nerve supply: medial Nerve C7,C8

ARTERIAL SUPPLY ULNAR ARTERY

64
Q

coracoid process ?

function

A

is a small hook-like structure on the lateral edge of the superior anterior portion of the scapula

anatomy physiology (8 decks)

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