chapter 10 musculoskeletal system Flashcards
muscle joints etc
How many and what are fuctions of muscle
5 MOVEMENT STABILITY HEAT PRODUCTION CONTROL OF OPENING GLYCEMIC CONTROL
The study of muscles is called
myology
The connective tissue components, from the smallest to largest and from deep to superficial, are
Endomysium
Perimysium
epimysium
fascia
A&P of the fascia
sheet of connective tissue that separates neighboring muscles or from each other and from the subcutaneous tissue
Classification of skeletal mucsles
Fusiform muscles Parallel muscles Triangular (convergent) muscles Pennate muscles circular muscles
Examples of Circular muscles include
external urethral sphincter
urethral sphincter
intermuscular septa are
thich fasciae
muscles are call direct attachment when
you cannot see the seperattion between muscle collagen fiber and bone
what is indirect attachment
the seperation between muscle and bone is so far the gap is bridged by tendons
What is an extensor muscle
muscle straigthens.
flexor muscle
bends and unstraigtens
Origin or muscle is
the stationary bone muscle is bound to
insertion muscle
the bone that is moving
intrinsic muscle is
muscle contained entirely within a region of interest
extrinsic muscle
A muscle that acts upon a designated organ or region such as the hand, but arises from another region such as the forearm,
T/F
Skeletal muscles seldom act independently; instead, they function in groups whose combined actions produce the coordinated control of a joint
TRUE
The 4 actions of skeletal muscles are
prime mover (agonist)
synergist : aids prime mover
antagonist: apposed prime mover
fixator: prevents bone movement ex rhomboids
innervation refers to
a particular nerve that supplies a muscle
Immediately after emerging from an intervertebral foramen, each spinal nerve branches into..
a posterior and anterior ramus.
define plexus
weblike networks of spinal nerves adjacent to the vertebral column.
Around how much percentage of blood pump by the heart go into muscles at rest and during physical activity?
25% and 75%
what is a hernia?
any condition in which the viscera protrude through a weak point in the muscular wall of the abdominopelvic cavity.
this muscle is located on the back and is lateral to the spine
trapezuis
what is the insertion and origin of the trapezius
also how many sections of the trapezius are there
inserts on scapula column and originates on vertebral column scapula
3 sections
superior
medial
inferior
adduction is movement
toward midline
role of each part of the trapezius 3 sections
superior raises and inferior decreases
intermediate moves back like a stretch
T/F rhomboideus is a superfcial muscle
False it is deep
Role of Rhomboideus?
origin ?
insertion?
synergist to trapezius
origin vertebrae column
insertion: scapula
Role of SerratusAnterior?
origin ?
insertion?
pulls anteriorly and medially
origin on ribcage 1-8
inserts on scapula
which muscle know ad hug muscle
serratus Anterior
origin and insertion of biceps brachii
origin on scapula insert humerus
abduction is
movement away from torso
pectoralis major insertion and origin
inserts humerus
origin on clavicle and sternum
movement of pectoralis
anterior abbuction movement
outward and forward
pointing
circumduction is
rotation of limb
rotator cuff is a
group of tendons and muscles in the shoulder
muscles of the rotator cuff includes
subscapularis
infraspinatus
tendons and muscles that connect humerus to scapula
Rotator cuff muscles
muscles directly connected to scapula
12 muslces Serratus Anterior Supraspinatus Subscapularis Trapezius Teres Major Teres Minor Triceps Brachii long head Biceps Brachii Rhomboid Major Rhomboid Minor Coracobrachialis Omohyoid inferior belly Lattisimus Dorsi Deltoid Levator Scapula Infraspinatus Pectoralis Minor
major sections of the scapula bone
acromial process superior border suprasinous fossa lateral border medial border glenoid cavity
what shape is the pectoralis major muscle
fan shaped
Origin
insertion of Biceps Brachii
orgiin coracoid process and above glenoid
insertion radius
origin/ insertion
triceps Brachii
3 origin
two on humerus 1 on lateral border scapula
inserts on ulna
the two flexor muscles of the wrist are called
Flexor carpi radiallis
Flexor carpi ulnaris
T/F Flexor Carpi Ulnaris flexes wrist laterally
False flexes medially
flexor carpi Radialis flexes wrist laterally or medially ?
laterally
supination is to rotate ..
outward
pronations is to rotate
inward
muscles responsible for wrist supination is the ?
which way is supination?
supinator muscle
biceps brachii
rotating outward or anteriorly
muscles responsible for pronation
which way is protonation?
pronator teres
pronator quadratus
rotating inward or posteriorly
The flexor digitorium splits into how many phalanges?
4
role of the Palmaris Longus
muscle between flexor carpi radialis and flexor carpi ulnaris
flexor carpi ulnaris runs along with metacarpel
the 5th metacarpel
Brachio Radias function
origin
insertion
muscle of the forearm that flexes the forearm at the elbow. It is also capable of both pronation and supination
the muscles of the forearm include
Flexor digitorium superficialis
Fexor carpi ulnaris Palmaris longus Flexor carpi radialis Protonator teres Extensor carpi Extensor digitorium
Muscles involved in chewing and Swallowing are
Suprahyroid group( Digastric, Stylohyoid, and Mylohyoid
Levator Scapulae
Sternocleidomastoid
muscles acting on the head
sternocleidomastoid
scalenes
Trapezius
Prime mover of neck flexion is the
Sternocleidomastoid
nuchal region on the body refers to
the back of the neck
flexor carpi radialis role? insertion? Origin? what time of movement? Nerve Supply? Artery supply
Originates on the Medial epicondyle of humerus
Inserts on base of 2nd and 3rd metacarpal bones
Action Flexion of wrist/abduction of hand
Nerve Median Nerve Branch
Radial artery,
Protonator teres role insertion? Origin? what time of movement? Nerve Supply? Artery supply
insertion: middle lateral Radius
Origin: Humeral head
Nerve: Median Nerve Branch c6,c7
Nerves in Brachial plexus
C5, C6, C7, C8, and T1
Palmaris longus
forearm muscle
Orignates on humerus
inserts on Flexor retinaculum
Nerve supply: medial Nerve C7,C8
ARTERIAL SUPPLY ULNAR ARTERY
coracoid process ?
function
is a small hook-like structure on the lateral edge of the superior anterior portion of the scapula
