chapter 8 skeletal system Flashcards
what are the number of bones in the body at birth vs at adult hood
270 at birth
206 at adulthood
what are sutural bones
Extra bones than usually in the skull
How many bones are usually in the skull
22
What is a condyle?
A rounded knob that articulates with another bone (occipital condyles of the skull)
what is a head articulation?
Give one example
The prominent expanded end of a bone, sometimes rounded (head of the femur)
what are the 3 types of articulations of bone
condyle articulation
head articulation
facet articulation
what are the 5 types of passageway and cavities of skeletal bone
canal fissure sinus foramen meatus
To palpate means to ?
to feel
sutures are ..
immovable joints that connect bones together
what is a tubercle?
example ?
A small, rounded process on bones
(greater tubercle of the humerus)
Orbit cavity houses the?
eye socket
a skeletal fossa is a?
example?
small shallow depression
examples mandibular fossa
what are the bones of the skull?
which bones are a pair aka 2?
22 BONES TOTAL IN SKULL
8 CRANIAL
14 FACIAL
Frontal bone (1) Temporal bones (2) Parietal bones (2) Sphenoid bone (1) Occipital bone (1) Ethmoid bones (1)
Facial bones are... Maxillae (2) Nasal bones (2) Palatine bones (2) Vomer (1) Zygomatic bones (2) Inferior nasal conchae (2) Lacrimal bones (2) Mandible (1)
fovea are ?
small pits
Sinuses in the skull are
They are connected with the nasal cavity, lined by mucous membranes, and filled with air. They lighten the anterior portion of the skull and act as chambers that add resonance to the voice
Foramens are?
Holes in bone that allows passageway to nerves and vessles
The delicate brain tissue does not come directly into contact with the bones, but is separated from them by three membranes called
meninges
the three meninges starting from deeper are called?
PIA MATTER
ARACHNOID MATTER
DURA MATTER
The calvaria is?
(skullcap) is not a single bone but simply the dome of the top of the skull;
what are the names of the 3 cranial fossas and what part of the brain does it hold
Anterior cranial fossa holds frontal lobe
middle cranial fossa holds temporal lobe
posterior cranial fossa holds cerebellum
how many bones in skull vs
how many cranial bones
22 bones in skull
8 cranial bones
this bone shape with a thick median body and outstretched greater and lesser wings, which give the bone as a whole a ragged mothlike shape.
sphenoid bone
cranial fossa is formed by the two bones
sphenoid and temporal bones
the hypophyseal fossa, houses with endocrine gland ?
pituitary gland
this bone between the eye contributes to the medial wall of the orbit, the nasal cavity, and the nasal septum.
ethoid bone
The role of the ethoid bone is
List 13 bones that articulate with the ethmoid bone.
To seperate brain from the nasal cavity
eleven bones of the viscerocranium—, two nasal bones, two maxillae, two lacrimals, two palatines, two inferior nasal conchae, and the vomer.
two bones of the neurocranium—the frontal, and the sphenoid
the labyrinth in ethiod bone houses the
maze of air spaces called the ethmoidal cells.
how many vertebrae are in the vertibral column
33
how many cervical vertebrae
Thoracic verebrae
Lumbar vertebrae
Saccral vertebrae
COCCYGEAL7 12 5 5 4
The centrum is?
the spongy body of the vertebrae that holds the weight
the vertebrae foramen is?
what shape?
triangular space
vertebral foramina forms the vertebral canal, a passage for the spinal cord.
the two parts that create the vertebral arch are
pendical and the lamina
You can see and feel the______ on a living person as a row of bumps along the spine.
spinous processes
the spinous process is ?
the bump on the back on the spinal cord we can feel as bumps on the back of the body
the side process of 1 vertebrae are called
transverse process
role of the spinous and transverse process
site of attachment for ligaments , ribs and spinal muscle
the intervertebral foramen is
the opening formed between the pendicles when two vertebrae are bound together
Each intervertebrae foramen is formed by an ______ in the pedicle of the upper vertebra and a________ in the pedicle of the lower one
inferior vertebral notch
superior vertebral notch
intervertebral disc is?
pad made of cartilage located between the bodies of two adjacent vertebrae.
what is the intervertebral disc made of?
consists of an inner gelatinous nucleus pulposus surrounded by a ring of fibrocartilage, the anulus fibrosus
how many vertebral discs are there in the body?
23
what is a herniated disc?
when too much stress is put on the disc and causes anulus to crack and ooze out nucleus
An exaggerated thoracic curvature is called?
kyphosis
what are the 3 most common abnormal spinal curvatures?
Scoliosis
Kyphosis
Lordosis
main purpose of the The Cervical Vertebrae
to support the head and allow for its movements
C1 and C2 are called
The atlas
The axis
T or F
All thoracic vertebrae has ribs attached to them
True
the largest and most durable bone of the vertebral column.
The sacrum
what is the anterior sacral (pelvic) foramina,
Four large passageway in sacrum
which allow for passage of nerves and arteries to the pelvic organs.
the fused spinous process of sacrum is called?
median sacral crest.
The fused transverse process of the sacrum is called
the lateral sacral crest
The 3 regions of the sternum
the manubrium,
body,
xiphoid process
An anatomical process means to have ?
a projection or outgrowth of tissue from a larger body.
which part of the sternum binds to the thoracic ribs and which ribs?
The manubrium and
It lies at the level of vertebrae T3 to T4.
In respect to the ribs the anterior attachment is by way of a long strip of what cartilage
hyaline cartilage called the costal cartilage
