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Anatomy Physiology > chapter 8 skeletal system > Flashcards

chapter 8 skeletal system Flashcards

1
Q

what are the number of bones in the body at birth vs at adult hood

A

270 at birth

206 at adulthood

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2
Q

what are sutural bones

A

Extra bones than usually in the skull

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3
Q

How many bones are usually in the skull

A

22

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4
Q

What is a condyle?

A

A rounded knob that articulates with another bone (occipital condyles of the skull)

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5
Q

what is a head articulation?

Give one example

A

The prominent expanded end of a bone, sometimes rounded (head of the femur)

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6
Q

what are the 3 types of articulations of bone

A

condyle articulation
head articulation
facet articulation

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7
Q

what are the 5 types of passageway and cavities of skeletal bone

A 
canal
fissure
sinus
foramen
meatus
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8
Q

To palpate means to ?

A

to feel

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9
Q

sutures are ..

A

immovable joints that connect bones together

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10
Q

what is a tubercle?

example ?

A

A small, rounded process on bones

(greater tubercle of the humerus)

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11
Q

Orbit cavity houses the?

A

eye socket

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12
Q

a skeletal fossa is a?

example?

A

small shallow depression

examples mandibular fossa

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13
Q

what are the bones of the skull?

which bones are a pair aka 2?

A

22 BONES TOTAL IN SKULL
8 CRANIAL
14 FACIAL

Frontal bone (1)
Temporal bones (2)
Parietal bones (2)
Sphenoid bone (1)
Occipital bone (1)
Ethmoid bones (1)
Facial bones are...
Maxillae (2)
Nasal bones (2)
Palatine bones (2)
Vomer (1)
Zygomatic bones (2)
Inferior nasal conchae (2)
Lacrimal bones (2)
Mandible (1)
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14
Q

fovea are ?

A

small pits

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15
Q

Sinuses in the skull are

A

They are connected with the nasal cavity, lined by mucous membranes, and filled with air. They lighten the anterior portion of the skull and act as chambers that add resonance to the voice

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16
Q

Foramens are?

A

Holes in bone that allows passageway to nerves and vessles

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17
Q

The delicate brain tissue does not come directly into contact with the bones, but is separated from them by three membranes called

A

meninges

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18
Q

the three meninges starting from deeper are called?

A

PIA MATTER
ARACHNOID MATTER
DURA MATTER

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19
Q

The calvaria is?

A

(skullcap) is not a single bone but simply the dome of the top of the skull;

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20
Q

what are the names of the 3 cranial fossas and what part of the brain does it hold

A

Anterior cranial fossa holds frontal lobe
middle cranial fossa holds temporal lobe
posterior cranial fossa holds cerebellum

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21
Q

how many bones in skull vs

how many cranial bones

A

22 bones in skull

8 cranial bones

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22
Q

this bone shape with a thick median body and outstretched greater and lesser wings, which give the bone as a whole a ragged mothlike shape.

A

sphenoid bone

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23
Q

cranial fossa is formed by the two bones

A

sphenoid and temporal bones

24
Q

the hypophyseal fossa, houses with endocrine gland ?

A

pituitary gland

25
Q

this bone between the eye contributes to the medial wall of the orbit, the nasal cavity, and the nasal septum.

A

ethoid bone

26
Q

The role of the ethoid bone is

List 13 bones that articulate with the ethmoid bone.

A

To seperate brain from the nasal cavity

eleven bones of the viscerocranium—, two nasal bones, two maxillae, two lacrimals, two palatines, two inferior nasal conchae, and the vomer.

two bones of the neurocranium—the frontal, and the sphenoid

27
Q

the labyrinth in ethiod bone houses the

A

maze of air spaces called the ethmoidal cells.

28
Q

how many vertebrae are in the vertibral column

A

33

29
Q 
how many cervical vertebrae
                   Thoracic  verebrae
                   Lumbar    vertebrae 
                   Saccral    vertebrae
                   COCCYGEAL
A 
7
12
5
5 
4
30
Q

The centrum is?

A

the spongy body of the vertebrae that holds the weight

31
Q

the vertebrae foramen is?

what shape?

A

triangular space

vertebral foramina forms the vertebral canal, a passage for the spinal cord.

32
Q

the two parts that create the vertebral arch are

A

pendical and the lamina

33
Q

You can see and feel the______ on a living person as a row of bumps along the spine.

A

spinous processes

34
Q

the spinous process is ?

A

the bump on the back on the spinal cord we can feel as bumps on the back of the body

35
Q

the side process of 1 vertebrae are called

A

transverse process

36
Q

role of the spinous and transverse process

A

site of attachment for ligaments , ribs and spinal muscle

37
Q

the intervertebral foramen is

A

the opening formed between the pendicles when two vertebrae are bound together

38
Q

Each intervertebrae foramen is formed by an ______ in the pedicle of the upper vertebra and a________ in the pedicle of the lower one

A

inferior vertebral notch

superior vertebral notch

39
Q

intervertebral disc is?

A

pad made of cartilage located between the bodies of two adjacent vertebrae.

40
Q

what is the intervertebral disc made of?

A

consists of an inner gelatinous nucleus pulposus surrounded by a ring of fibrocartilage, the anulus fibrosus

41
Q

how many vertebral discs are there in the body?

A

23

42
Q

what is a herniated disc?

A

when too much stress is put on the disc and causes anulus to crack and ooze out nucleus

43
Q

An exaggerated thoracic curvature is called?

A

kyphosis

44
Q

what are the 3 most common abnormal spinal curvatures?

A

Scoliosis
Kyphosis
Lordosis

45
Q

main purpose of the The Cervical Vertebrae

A

to support the head and allow for its movements

46
Q

C1 and C2 are called

A

The atlas

The axis

47
Q

T or F

All thoracic vertebrae has ribs attached to them

A

True

48
Q

the largest and most durable bone of the vertebral column.

A

The sacrum

49
Q

what is the anterior sacral (pelvic) foramina,

A

Four large passageway in sacrum

which allow for passage of nerves and arteries to the pelvic organs.

50
Q

the fused spinous process of sacrum is called?

A

median sacral crest.

51
Q

The fused transverse process of the sacrum is called

A

the lateral sacral crest

52
Q

The 3 regions of the sternum

A

the manubrium,
body,
xiphoid process

53
Q

An anatomical process means to have ?

A

a projection or outgrowth of tissue from a larger body.

54
Q

which part of the sternum binds to the thoracic ribs and which ribs?

A

The manubrium and

It lies at the level of vertebrae T3 to T4.

55
Q

In respect to the ribs the anterior attachment is by way of a long strip of what cartilage

A

hyaline cartilage called the costal cartilage

Anatomy Physiology (8 decks)

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