Pesticides Flashcards
Pesticides vs drugs
-Compounds in vet med intended for use against external organisms (ectoparasites, flies, bugs), and can be either a drug or pesticides
Drug authorization vs. pesticide authorization/regulations
Drug: Veterinary Drugs Directorate
Pesticides: Pest management regulatory agency
**Regulations surrounding approval, sale, and use are very different between drugs vs pesticides
How to tell drug and pesticides apart?
Drugs have: Drug ID number (DIN)
Pesticides have: Pest Control Product (PCP) number
What are the differences in prescribing drugs vs pesticides?
-can’t legally use pesticides in any manner other than the product label= NO EXTRA LABEL USE
**no dispensing of partial packages
Why stronger restrictions on pesticide sales?
-Therapeutic window is smaller. Often pesticides have much lower safety than drugs
-occupational exposure risks
Why is it drugs vs pesticides?
drugs involved with systemic absorption
>pesticides are topical
eg. Advantage multi= durg because it is also for ENDOparasites
compared with Advantage which is just ectoparasites
Pesticide formulations typical administration
-ear tags
-collars
-immersion baths
-topical dusts
-shampoos
-premises application
Veterinary Biologics
-includes vaccines, antitoxins, diagnostic test kits, some antibody formulations and some antibody formulations used to treat/prevent infectious diseases in animals
**covered under Health of Animals Act and Regulations; still regulated by Health Canada but under CFIA
Large molecule drugs
-products that have a larger molecular weight than typical drugs based on chemical API
-includes, hormones (eg. insulin), colony-stimulating factors (G-CSF), antibodies, enzymes
How can large molecule drugs be produced?
- harvesting natural sources (eg. porcine pancreatic enzymes)
2.recombinant technology (eg. derived from bacteria genetically modified to overproduce the protein)
**much more expensive to synthesize than traditional (small molecule) drugs
Monoclonal Antibodies
Antibodies produced synthetically with extremely high specificity for a specific antigen
*not produced by B cells or plasma cells in host
HINT: drug name with “mab” or “vetmab”
Examples of monoclonal antibodies in Vet med
-solensia= feline NGF
-librela= canine NGF
-cytopoint= canine IL-31
How are mabs different from regular antibodies?
mabs are more precise replicas: a clone of a single “mono” antibody
Can the same monoclonal antibody be given to multiple species?
No because the antigen structure will differ between species.
Antibody has Y structure
-Fab arms= antigen binding fragment
-Fac stem (crystallizable structure)
What do monoclonal antibodies target?
All sorts of antigens
-bind to and inactivate the protein/receptor
-can lead to apoptosis in certain cases
