Personalpronomen-interrogative etc. Flashcards
अहम्
I (aham, first person, nom., Sing)
माम् (मा)
I (mām, first person, acc. Sing) to me
मया
I (mayā, first person, instr. Sing) by me
मह्यम् (मे)
I (mahyam, first person, dat. Sing) for me
मद्
I (mad, first person, abl. Sing) from me
मम (मे)
I (mama, first person, gen. Sing) my, of me
मयि
I (mayi, first person, loc. Sing) in, on me
वयम्
we (vayam, first person, nom., Pl)
अस्मान् (नः)
we (asmān, first person, acc. Pl) to our
अस्माभिः
we (asmābhi.h, first person, instr. Pl) by us
अस्मभ्यम् (नः)
we (asmabhyam, first person, dat. Pl) for us
अस्मद्
we (asmad, first person, abl. Pl) from our
अस्माकम् (नः)
we (asmākam first person, gen. Pl) our, of us
अस्मासु
we (asmāsu, first person, loc. Pl) in, on us
त्वम्
you (tvam, second person, nom., Sing)
त्वाम् (त्वा)
you (tvām, second person, acc. Sing) to you
त्वया
you (tvayā, second person, instr. Sing) by you
तुभ्यम् (ते)
you (tubhyam (te), second person, dat. Sing) for you
त्वद्
you (tvad, second person, abl. Sing) from you
तव (ते)
you (tava, second person, gen. Sing) of you, your
त्वयि
you (tvayi, second person, loc. Sing) in, on you
यूयम्
you (yūyam, second person, nom., Pl)
युष्मान् (वः)
you (yu.smān, second person, acc. Pl) to you
युष्माभिः
you (yu.smābhi.h, second person, instr. Pl) by you
युष्मभ्यम्। (वः)
you (yu.smabhyam, second person, dat. Pl) for you
युष्मद्
you (yu.smad, second person, abl. Pl) from you
युषमाकम्। (वः)
you (yu.smākam, second person, gen. Pl) of you, your
युष्मासु
you (yu.smāsu, second person, loc. Pl) in, on you
किम्
who, whom, which, what’
(kim, n. sing. nom.)
कः
who (ka.h - m. sing. nom.)
कम्
to whom (m. sing. acc.)
केन
with whom (m. sing. instr.)
कस्मै
for what purpose, for who (m. sing. dat.)
कस्मात्
from where…? (m. sing. abl.)
कस्य
whose? (m. sing. gen.)
कस्मिन्
where? (m. sing. loc.)
किम्
what? (n. sing. nom.)
किम्
what? (n. sing. acc.)
केन
from where? (n. sing. instr.)
कस्मै
For what purpose…? Why? (n. sing. dat.)
कसमात्
from where? (n. sing. abl.)
कस्य
whose? (n. sing. gen.)
कस्मिन्
where? (n. sing. loc.)
का
who? what? (f. sing. nom.)
काम्
to whom? (f. sing. acc.)
कया
with whom (kayā - f. sing. instr.)
कस्यै
For what purpose? why? (f. sing. dat.)
कस्याः
from where? from whom?
(f. sing. abl.)
कस्याः
whose? (f. sing. gen.)
कस्याम्
where? (f. sing. loc.)
के
who? what? (m. pl. nom.)
कान्
to whom? (m. pl. acc.)
कैः
with whom? (m. pl. instr.)
केभ्यः
for what purposes? (m. pl. dat.)
केभ्यः
from where (m. pl. abl.)
केषाम
whose? (m. pl. gen.)
केषु
where? (m. pl. loc.)
कानि
who? what? (n. pl. nom.)
कानि
who? what? (n. pl. acc.)
कैः
with whom? (n. pl. instr.)
केभ्यः
for what purposes? why? (n. pl. dat.)
केभ्यः
from where? (n. pl. abl.)
केषाम
whose? (n. pl. gen.)
केषु
where? (n. pl. loc.)
काः
who? what? (f. pl. nom.)
काः
who? what? (f. pl. acc.)
काभिः
with whom? (f. pl. instr.)
काभ्यः
for what reason? why? (f. pl. dat.)
काभ्यः
from where? (f. pl. abl.)
कासाम्
Whose? (f. pl. gen.)
कासु
where? (f. pl. loc.)
किंचिद्
some, a certain, any
किंचन
some, a certain, any
किमपि
some, a certain, any
कश्चिद्
a certain (m. sing. nom.)
कश्चन
a certain (m. sing. nom.)
को ऽपि
who else? (m. sing. nom.)
ka.h+api= ko ‘pi
कंचिद्
(m. sing. acc.) to whom
कंचन
to whom? (m. sing. acc.)
किंचिद्
some, a certain, any (n. sing. nom.)
किंचन
some, a certain, any (n. sing. nom.)
किमपि
some, a certain, any (n. sing. nom.)
किंचिद्
some, a certain, any (n. sing. acc.)
किंचन
some, a certain, any (n. sing. acc.)
काचिद्
some, a certain, any (f. sing. nom.)
काचन
some, a certain, any (f. sing. nom.)
कापि
some, a certain, any (f. sing. nom.)
कांचिद्
some, a certain, any (f. sing. acc.)
कांचन
some, a certain, any (f. sing. acc.)
केचिद्
some, a certain, any (m. pl. nom.)
कांश्चिद्
some, a certain, any (m. pl. acc.)
कानिचिद्
some, a certain, any (n. pl. nom.)
कानिचिद्
some, a certain, any (n. pl. acc.)
काश्चिद्
some, a certain, any (f. pl. nom.)
काश्चिद्
some, a certain, any (f. pl. acc.)
-चिद, -चन, -अपि, -वा
meaningless particles - as attachment to the interrogative of ‘kim’
The attachment of one of these particles ‘de-
interrogativizes’ the interrogative किम् and converts it into an indefinite.
न-
if “na” precedes किंचिद् etc., than the translation is: “no one”, “nothing” or “not… any”
यदा
when (-dā denotes time, so ‘at which time, on which occasion’)
तदा
then (-dā denotes time, so ‘at that time, on that occasion’)
यतस्
because, since, as (‘from which’ -tas mostly used in a causal sense)
ततस्
therefore, that’s why, for this reason (‘from that’ causal)
एकदा
(adv.) at one time or one day, at a certain time, once upon a time
को ऽयम्
who is this?
अथ कों
yes, indeed. or yes
कस्यैतत्
whose?
अस्तु
certainly
कथम्
how? In what way?
अन्य
other (declension like tad - adjectives ending on -a)
एक
one (declension like tad - adjectives ending on -a)
पर
other, next, higher (declension like tad - adjectives ending on -a)
पूर्व
previous, former (declension like tad - adjectives ending on -a)
सर्व
each, every, all (declension like tad - adjectives ending on -a)
-थम् / -था
manner (t.rtīyā (instr.))
-तः
source-origin (time, place etc. / pañcamī (abl.))
-दा
time (saptamī (loc.))
-त्र
place (saptamī (loc.))
यथा
just as, in the manner in which, in the same way
तथा
thus, in that way, as
कुतः
whence (woher)? Why? Since when? From what?
यतः
since, from the point that
ततः
from that, therefore, after that
कदा
when?
यदि….तदा
if……., then
यावत्…..तावत्
as long as….so long, to the extent that……to the extent that
अन्यथा
otherwise
सर्वथा
every which way, in all directions
kreuz und quer
अन्यतः
from another source
एकतः
from one side, on the other hand
सर्वतः
from all sides
अन्यदा
another time
एकदा
once, one time
सर्वदा
allways, all the time
अन्यत्र
elsewhere
एकत्र
in one place
सर्वत्र
everywhere
परत्र
in another place, in the next world
न कश्चन
nobody
न कयपि
not … with any
अ- / अन्-
prefix
a nominal item alone may be negated by the prefixation of the syllable (a), similar in meaning to English un-, in-, non-, im-, etc. If the item begins with a vowel, theprefix is (an)
किम् + instrumental case
किम् अनेन पुस्तकेन? kim anena pustakena?
“what of (it),” or “what’s the use of”
(signifying lack of interest or belief in the relevance or use of something)
(What’s the use of this book?)
अलम्
if followed by instrumental…
enough, sufficient
than in the sense of “enough of”
किमिति
what’s this?, why?
