Personality Theories

Question 1

Personality assessment

Question 2

The Big Five and Traits

Answer 2

• openness
• conscientiousness
• extraversion
• agreeableness
• neuroticism/stability

Question 3

openness

Answer 3

Imaginative; Practical

Question 4

Conscientiousness

Answer 4

Organized; Disorganized

Question 5

Extraversion

Answer 5

Sociable; Retiring

Question 6

Agreeableness

Answer 6

Softhearted; Ruthless

Question 7

Neuroticism / Stability

Answer 7

– Anxious; Calm
– Insecure; Secure
– Self-Pity; Self-Satisfied

Question 8

Humanism

Answer 8

emphasis on a person’s capacity for personal growth and positive human qualities.

Question 9

Psychoanalytic Approach

Answer 9

Freud & Psychoanalysis
- sex drive – main determinant of personality development
Hysteria
- physical symptoms without physical cause
- overdetermined – which means that it has multiple unconscious causes

Question 10

Id

Answer 10

• instincts and reservoir of psychic energy
• pleasure principle

Question 11

Defense Mechanisms

Answer 11

• Denial: disbelieve present reality
• Repression: forget the unacceptable
• Rationalization: claim different motive
• Displacement: shift feelings to new object
• Sublimation: transform vile to valuable
• Projection: attribute own faults to others
• Regression: revert to earlier, “safer” period
• Reaction Formation: convert to opposite emotion

Question 12

Repression

Answer 12

– push unacceptable impulses
out of awareness
– foundation for all defense mechanisms

Question 13

Maslow

Answer 13

• third force psychology
• self-actualization
• peak experiences
• biased since focus was on
  highly successful individuals

Question 14

Ego

Answer 14

• deals with the demands of reality
• reality principle

Question 15

Superego

Answer 15

moral branch of personality; “conscience”