Personality pt 6 dysfunction Flashcards
How is psychopathology defined?
The study of psychological and behavioural dysfunction occurring in mental disorder or in social disorganisatoin
What are the 4 Ds of diagnostic caveats?
Duration
Diffuse contexts (not situational)
Distress/Disability
Differential diagnosis (no overlap - ruling out other diagnoses)
What are cluster A personality disorders?
Schizotypal eg. difficult relationships, suspicious, unusual perceptions & thinking, eccentric speech etc.
Parnoid eg. quick to take offense, quick to assume hidden meaning, few close friends
Schizoid eg. little interest in relationships, restricted emotional range, avoiding relationships
What are cluster B personality disorders?
Histrionic eg. overly emotional, vague, desperate for attention, self-centred, need constant reassurance
Narcissistic eg. manipulative, sense of entitlement, lack of compassion, need constant admiration
Borderline eg. impulsive, unstable affect, feeling empty/bored
Antisocial eg. irresponsible often criminal behaviour, impulsivity, lack of remorse
What are cluster C personality disorders?
Avoidant eg. timid, easily offended, fear embarrassment, exaggerate risks of deviation from routine
Dependent eg. overwhelming need for approval, indiscriminate agreement, fear abandonment/isolation
Obsessive/compulsive eg. perfectionism, rigidity, workaholic, indecisive, poor at emotion expressive
How did Adorno et al., 1950 measure authoritarian personality types?
self-reports and interviews of anti-antisemitism scale, ethnocentrism scale, politico-economic conservatism scale, potential for fascism scale
What is the dark triad? (Hoskey et al. (1998a,b)
* Paulus & Williams (2002))
Narcissism, Machiavellian, Psychopathy
What are the 3 main components of psychopathy?
Immune to anxiety, absence of empathy, adept of social cognition
What is the Hare Psychopathy checklist?
20 item inventory, ‘observable’ personality traits
In what ways did Twenge (2010) suggest narcissism can be healthy?
- Childlike egocentrism matures into positive self regard
– Higher levels of life satisfaction - Rated likeable on first impression
- Good performance in social situations
- Winners in brief competitive task
What defines Machiavellianism? (Christie et al 1970; Nelson et al., 1991; Fehr et al.,1992)
Game playing
Resistance to social influences
Convincing, without showing personal
convictions
Ready to change position/strategy
Prefers fluid environment
Exploitative (in degrees..)
Suspicious of others’ motives
No reciprocity/sensitivity to appeals
