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AY Psychiatry > Personality disorders & addiction > Flashcards

Personality disorders & addiction Flashcards

1
Q

Describe an ankastic personality disorder?

A 
Excessive doubt 
Preoccupation with rules 
Preoccupation with productivity 
Excessive adherence to social conventions 
Rigidity & stubbornness
Insisting things are done their way
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2
Q

What are the Cluster A personality disorders?

A

“odd & eccentric”
Paranoid
Schizoid
Schizotypal

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3
Q

What are the cluster B personality disorders?

A 
"Dramatic & emotional"
Antisocial
Borderline 
Histrionic
Narcissistic
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4
Q

What is the drug treatment for borderline PD?

A

Lamotrigine

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5
Q

What are the Cluster C personality disorders?

A

“Anxious & avoidant”
Avoidant
Obsessive compulsive
Dependent

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6
Q

3 A’s for remebering cluster A personality disorders?

A 
Paranoid = "Accusatory"
Schizoid = "Aloof"
Schizotypal = "Awkward"
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7
Q

What are the 4 B’s to remember cluster B personality disorders?

A 
Antisocial = "Bad"
Borderline = "Borderline"
Histrionic = "Bullshit"
Narcissistic = "Best"
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8
Q

What are the 3 C’s for remembering cluster C personality disorders?

A 
Avoidant = "Coward"
OC = "Compulsive"
Dependent = "Clingy"
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9
Q

Which chemical is the motivating signal within the brain and incensitises behaviour?

A

Dopamine

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10
Q

What does the orbito-frontal cortex do?

A

Provides internal representations of the salience of things & assigns them value

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11
Q

What does hyperactivity of the orbito-frontal cortex cause?

A

Craving

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12
Q

What does the pre-frontal cortex do?

A

Helps intention guide behaviour - sets goals & makes sound decisions
Keeps emotions & impulses in control to achieve long term goals

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13
Q

What changes does addiction cause in the brain?

A

Disrupt normal dopamine-related learning in the PFC

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14
Q

When is the PFC vulnerable?

A

During development asitmatures late

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15
Q

What effect does alcohol have n the brain?

A

Inhibits the action of excitatory NMDA glutamate controlled ion channels
Potentiates the actions of inhibitory GABAa controlled ion channels

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16
Q

When do symptoms start for alcohol withdrawal?

A

6-12 hours

17
Q

When are seizures most likely in alcohol withdrawal?

A

36 hours

18
Q

When is delirium tremens most likely in alcohol withdrawal?

A

72 hours

19
Q

What is given as prophylaxis against Wernicke’s encephalopathy?

A

Thiamine

20
Q

What drug is used to prevent relapse in addiction?

A

Naltrexone

21
Q

How long do alcohol withdrawal symptoms usually take to resolve?

A

5-7 days

22
Q

What in the brain causes alcohol withdrawal?

A

Excessive glutamate + reduced GABA activity

23
Q

What drugs are used for detox in opiate misuse?

A

Alpha 2 adrenergic antagonist (Clofexidine)

24
Q

What is used as an opiate substitution therapy?

A

Methadone

25
Q

What are the symptoms of opiate withdrawal?

A

Dilated pupils
Yawning
Rhinorrhoea
Lactorrhoea

26
Q

What is used in paracetamol overdose if less than an hour ago?

A

Activated charcoal

27
Q

What is used in paracetamol overdose if more than an hour ago?

A

N-acetylcysteine

28
Q

What is used to treat a opiate overdose?

A

Naloxone

29
Q

What is used to treat a benzo overdose?

A

Flumazenil

30
Q

What is used to treat a TCA overdose?

A

IV bicarbonate

31
Q

What is used to treat a heparinoverdose?

A

Protamine sulphate

32
Q

What is used to reverse the bradycardia caused by beta blocker overdose?

A

Atropine

33
Q

Whatis used to treat an antifreeze overdose?

A

Fomepizole (used to be ethanol)

34
Q

What is the treatment for cyanide overdose?

A

Hydroxocobalamine

35
Q

What is the treatment for iron overdose?

A

Desferroxamine

AY Psychiatry (10 decks)

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