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Psychiatry Year 3 Dundee > Personality disorders > Flashcards

Personality disorders Flashcards

1
Q

What is someones personality?

A

Relatively predictable patten of thinking, feeling and behaving. That is relatively consistent across time space and context.

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2
Q

What are the five factors of someones personality?

A 
Openness
Conscientiousness 
Extraversion
Agreeableness
Neuroticism
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3
Q

What is openness?

A

Imagination
Feelings
Actions
Ideas

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4
Q

Openness scale

A

Prefers routine , practical Vs Imaginative spontaneous

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5
Q

What is Conscientiousness ?

A

Competence
Thoughtfulness
Self discipline
Goal driven

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6
Q

Conscientiousness scale

A

Impulsive, disorganised Vs Disciplined , careful

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7
Q

What is Extraversion?

A

Emotional expression
Assertivness
Sociability

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8
Q

Extraversion scale

A

Quiet reserved withdrawn Vs Outgoing warm seeks adventure

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9
Q

What is Agreeableness?

A

Co-operativness
Trustworthy
Goodnatured

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10
Q

Agreeableness scale

A

Critical Uncooperative suspicious Vs Helpful trusting empathetic

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11
Q

What is neuroticism?

A

tendency towards unstable emotions

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12
Q

Neuroticism scale

A

Calm, even tempered, secure Vs Anxious, unhappy pessimistic

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13
Q

What is a disorder of adult personality?

A

Individual characteristic and enduring pattern of inner experience and behavior that deviates markedly from what is culturally accepted.

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14
Q

How is a adult personality disorder manifested?

A

Cognition
Affectivity
Impulse control
Interpersonal functioning

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15
Q

In order to be a adult personality disorder it must…

A

Be a pervasive behaviour that is inflexible and dysfunctional
Cause personal distress or adverse impact socially
Stable and long term - onset in childhood
Not a consequence of another mental disorder,

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16
Q

What are two assessment scales used in personality disorders?

A

Personality assessment schedule PAS

Personality Disorder Questionnaire PDQ-4

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17
Q

What is PAS?

A

Clinician rated assessment tool

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18
Q

What is PDQ-4?

A

Self assessed 100 question all true or false

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19
Q

What percentage of the population have a disorder?

A

10.6%

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20
Q

What are Cluster A disorders described as?

A

Odd and Eccentric

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21
Q

List the Cluster A disorders.

A

Paranoid
Schizoid
Schizotypal

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22
Q

Paranoid PD

A

Excessive sensitivity to setback
Tendency to bear grudges
Suspiciousness tendency to see friendly actions as hostile
Combative sense of personal rights outside of situation
Recurrent unfounded suspicion about fidelity of partner
Excessive self importance
Conspiracy theories

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23
Q

How many traits are required for a diagnosis of paranoid PD?

A

4

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24
Q

Schizoid PD

A 
Few activities provide pleasure
Emotional coldness
Limited emotional expression 
Indifference to feedback
Little sexual interests
Solitary 
Fantasy preoccupation
No desire for close friends
Marked insensitivity for social norms
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25
Q

What other condition does Schizoid PD have lots of overlap with?

A

Autism

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26
Q

Schizotypal PD

A 
Idea of reference
Belief in magic etc
Bodily illusions 
Odd thinking and speech
Paranoid ideation
Innapropraite affect
Lack of close friends
Excessive social anxiousness
27
Q

How many traits are required for a schizotypal diagnosis?

A

5 or more

28
Q

Cluster B personality disorders are often described as….

A

Dramatic

Emotional

29
Q

Dissocial PD

A 
Callousness
Irresponsible disregard for social norms
Frequent but short relationships
Very low tolerance for frustration or anger
Incapacity to experience guilt
Marked proneness to blame others
30
Q

How many traits are required for a dissocial diagnosis?

A

3

31
Q

What is the difference between dissocial PD and psychopathy?

A

PD is largely based on behaviour whilst psychopathy is down too cognitive and emotional function.

32
Q

Psychopathy can be broken down into what?

A

Factor 1 - Interpersonal/ Affectivity

Factor 2 - Social deviance

33
Q

What is Factor 1 in Psychopathy?

A

Interpersonal - superficial charm self worth pathological lying, manipulativeness.
Affectivity - Lack of guilt, shallowness, apathetic, blame others

34
Q

What is Factor 2 in Psychopathy?

A

Lifestyle - Prone to boredom, paracitic, lack of realistic long term goals, impulsive and irresponsible
Antisocial - Poor control, early juvenile delinquency, criminal versatility

35
Q

Emotionally unstable Impulsive PD

A 
Impulsive
Quarrelsome especially if plans are thwarted
Sudden outburst of anger or violence 
Require immediate reward
Unstable mood
36
Q

Cluster B Personality Disorders are…

A 
Dissocial
Emotionally unstable - Impulsive
Emotionally unstable - Borderline 
Histrionic 
Narcissistic
37
Q

How many traits are required for a EU impulsive diagnosis?

A

3 of

38
Q

Emotionally Unstable Borderline PD

A 
Disturbance in and uncertainty around self image
Intense and unstable relations
Excessive efforts to avoid abandonment 
Recurrent threats and acts of self harm
Chronic feelings of emptiness
39
Q

How many traits are required for an EU Borderline diagnosis?

A

Must have impulsive diagnosis

2 off of list

40
Q

Histrionic PD

A

Self dramatisation
Sugestive
Shallow inappropriately seductive in appearance and behaviour
Overly concerned with physical attractiveness
Seeks to be centre of attention

41
Q

Narcissistic PD

A

Self importance
Fixation on fantasies of success control wealth and beauty
Self entitled
Apathetic
Interpersonally oppressive
Belief others resent them as they can not be like them

42
Q

How many traits are required for a Narcissistic PD diagnosis?

A

5

43
Q

What are Cluster C PD also known as?

A

Anxious and Avoidant

44
Q

Anxious PD

A

Persistent and pervasive tension and apprehension
Belief oneself is socially inept and inferior
Excessive preoccupation around rejection and criticism
Unwillingness to get involved due to fear of rejection
Restriction on life due to need for security

45
Q

Dependant PD

A

Encourage and allow others to pursue life at own expense
Unwillingness to make reasonable requests to those they are close to
Fear of being alone and fending for themselves
Constant need for reassurance on decisions

46
Q

How many traits do you need for an Anxious PD diagnosis?

A

4

47
Q

How many traits are required for a dependant PD diagnosis

A

4

48
Q

Is medication used for the treatment of PD?

A

No it isn’t

Medication is targeted towards treating specific symptoms.

49
Q

What antipsychotics are used in the treatment of PD?

A

Olanzapine

Haloperidol

50
Q

What are Olanzapine and Haloperidol used for?

A

Help reduce the suspicion in Cluster A PD

51
Q

What medication is used for impulsivity and aggression difficulties?

A

Antidepressants SSRIs

52
Q

SSRIs are used in which PDs?

A

Borderline and Antisocial PDs

53
Q

What mood stabilisers are used in the treatment of PDs?

A

Lamotrigine

54
Q

Lamotrigine is used in the treatment of what?

A

Emotionally unstable disorder

Unstable mood and impulsivity

55
Q

Antidepressant have what affect if used in cluster C PDs?

A

Help reduce anxiety

56
Q

What is used in the management of Anxious PDs?

A

Social skill training to help improve self efficacy

57
Q

What psychological therapy is used in Emotionally unstable PD?

A

Dialectical Behavioural therapy

58
Q

What is Dialectical Behavioural Therapy?

A

Learning to accept and regulate emotions
Acceptance of oneself and make positive changes
Learning new skills to replace harmful behaviour
Mindfulness
Distress tolerance
Emotional regulation

59
Q

What medication is used in Emotionally unstable PD?

A

Olanzapine
Topiramate (Anger and Aggression)
Phenetzine (Hostility)

60
Q

What is Phenetzine?

A

MAOI

61
Q

What is Topiramate?

A

Used in migraine prophylaxis and epilepsy treatment

62
Q

What is Mentilization based therapy?

A

Focus on what is going on inside own mind and those around you.
Goal is to better understand and control your impulses emotions and behaviours to improve relations

63
Q

When should impatient care be used?

A

Only in emergency to save their life.

Serious risk of suicide or medication changescant be managed in an outpatient setting.

64
Q

Inpatient care of PD.

A

At best has no effect at worst has a serious negative impact, life saving if used judiciously.

Psychiatry Year 3 Dundee (21 decks)

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