Intelectual Disability

Question 1

What is an Intellectual Disability?

Answer 1

A condition of arrested or incomplete development of the mind
Takes longer to learn new skills or understand new info
Difficulty with everyday tasks

Question 2

In order for you to have a Intellectual disability what must you have?

Answer 2

IQ <70
Deficits in adaptive function
Occur before 18 years

Question 3

What principles help guide the management of someone with an Intellectual disability?

Answer 3

O’Brien Principles

Question 4

What are the O’Brien Principles?

Answer 4

Given the correct environment they will grow and develop as people.
Worthy of all dignity and rights
Avoid over protection - learn through risk taking
Availability of normality and normal conditions of life

Question 5

Give a list of examples that are NOT an Intellectual disability.

Answer 5

Dyslexia
Educational Difficulty
ADHD Dyspraxia
Nor an acquired brain injury - dementia cognitive decline

Question 6

Borderline ID

IQ and Mental Age

Answer 6

IQ 70+

Mental Age 12-15 years

Question 7

Mild ID

IQ and Mental Age

Answer 7

IQ 50-69

Mental Age 9-12 years

Question 8

Moderate ID

IQ and Mental Age

Answer 8

IQ 35-49

Mental Age <6 years

Question 9

Severe ID

IQ and Mental Age

Answer 9

IQ 20-34
Mental Age 3 - 6 years
Preschool level

Question 10

Profound ID

IQ and Mental Age

Answer 10

IQ <20
Mental Age <3 years
Infant level

Question 11

Describe someone with a Mild ID

Answer 11

Delayed speech - able to use everyday language
Difficulties reading and writing
Social immaturity

Question 12

Describe the care needed with a mild ID

Answer 12

Full independence and self care

Question 13

Describe someone with a Moderate ID

Answer 13

Slow comprehension and language
Limited achievement
Delayed self care and motor skills
Usually fully mobile

Question 14

Describe the care needed in a Moderate ID

Answer 14

Supervision with simple practical tasks

Question 15

What conditions are common with Moderate ID and why?

Answer 15

Epilepsy and physical disability- All are due to organic aetiology

Question 16

Describe someone with a Severe ID

Answer 16

Same as Moderate but more profound

Question 17

Describe the link between epilepsy and Severe ID.

Answer 17

Almost all severe ID have epilepsy

Question 18

Describe someone with a Profound ID

Answer 18

Severe limitations ability to understand and comply with request or instruction
Little to no self care
Severe mobility restrictions
Basic or simple tasks can be acquired

Question 19

What prenatal factors can lead to an ID?

Answer 19

Rubella CMV Toxoplasmosis infection
Alcohol
Drugs
Poor diet

Question 20

What postnatal factors can lead to an ID?

Answer 20

Remember must occur before 18 y
CNS infection 
Congenital hypothyroidism
Hypoxic brain injury
Trauma