Personality Disorders Flashcards
How does the DMS-5 classify a personality disorder?
Pattern of inner experience and behavior that deviates markedly from an individuals culture
What are the three P’s of a personality disorder?
Pervasive, pernicious and persistant
According to the DSM-5, a personality disorder must affect 2 or more of what 4 areas of functioning?
Cognition
Affectivity
Interpersonal functioning
Impulse control
When is the onset of a personality disorder?
adolescence or early adulthood
The actual diagnosis cannot be given until the person is age 18
What are two extenuating circumstances that can mimic personality disorder?
Substance abuse
Medical conditions
What behaviors are seen in Cluster A personality disorders?
Odd and eccentric
What three personality disorders fall under cluster A?
Paranoid, schizoid, and schizotypal
What behaviors are demonstrated in Cluster B personality disorders?
Dramatic, emotional and erratic
What 4 personality disorders fall under cluster B?
Anti-social, borderline, histrionic and narcissistic
What behaviors are seen in Cluster C personality disorders?
anxious and fearful
What 3 personality disorders fall under Cluster C?
Avoidant
Dependent
Obsessive Compulsive PD
Approximately what percent of americans are thought to have a personality disorder?
15%
How do personality disorders affect medical care?
Complicates due to higher rates of medical utilization, presentation with physical rather than psychiatric symptoms, compliance issues
Do people with personality disorders see their behavior as a problem?
No- they externalize blame onto others
Describe paranoid personality disorder
Pervasive mistrust and suspicion, reluctance to confide in others, angry, defensive..
Describe the schizoid personality disorder
Loners- emotionally and socially detached
Restricted range of emotional expression
Indifferent to praise or criticism
Describe the schizotypal personality disorder
Eccentric (in thinking/beliefs)
Loners, social anxious, suspicious
Isolated from everyone except 1st degree relatives
MRI studies show temporal lobe abnormalities
List three comorbid conditions seen with cluster A personality disorders
Depression and anxiety
Substance abuse
Schizophrenia
What are ways to manage cluster A type personality disorders?
Countertransference
Address trust issues- use actions not words to demonstrate trustworthiness
Is it a good idea to challenge a patient’s cognitive distortions?
NO- only if firm rapport is established
Describe the anti social personality disorder
Disregard for the rights of others Socially irresponsible Impulsive, irritable, aggressive Lacks empathy and remorse Can be glib and charming/intelligent
Describe borderline personality disorder
Instability is the most common factor
Impulsivity
Cognition
Recurrent suicidal behavior (8-12%) with self-injury/cutting
More often diagnosed in females
Describe the histrionic personality disorder
Dramatic, attention seeking
Life of the party, rapidly shifting shallow emotions
May be provocative, seductive
Frequently diagnosed in women, under diagnosed in men
Name comorbidities associated with Cluster B personality disorders
Depression/anxiety Eating disorders Substance abuse ADHD Antisocial and borderline disorders --> risk taking behaviors
