Personality Disorders

Question 0

Psychoanalytic theory:

Answer 0

Nurturance from immediate caregivers and loved ones

Question 1

Personality

Answer 1

A person’s unique biopsychosocial characteristics that consistently influence inner experience and behavior across the life span
Personality is as essential to self-identity as physical apperance

Question 2

Biological models:

Answer 2

genetic transmission combined with environmental exposures

Question 3

Social learning and cognitive behavioral perspectives

Answer 3

personality characteristics are acquired through various precesses interacting with the environment.

Question 4

definitions of personality disorders:

Answer 4

1. A collection of personality traits that have become so fixed an rigid that they cause distress and behavioral dysfunction
2. A lifelong behavioral pattern that negatively affects many areas of life, causes problems, and is not produced by another disorder or illness
3. “An enduring pattern of inner experience and behavior that deviates markedly from the expectations of the individuals culture”
4. Generally described in negative terms such as hostile, needy, detached, obsessive, or anitsocial

Question 5

Manifestations:

Answer 5

1. Cognition- ways of perceiving and assigning meaning to self, other, and events
2. Affectivity- the range, intensity, and appropriateness of emotionality
3. Interpersonal behavior
4. Impulse control

Question 6

Personality Disorder Clusters

Answer 6

1. Cluster A- odd, eccentric behavior as core characteristic
2. Cluster B- dramatic, emotional, or erratic manifestations
3. Cluster C- anxious or fearful behaviors

Question 7

Cluster A

Answer 7

1. Paranoid personality disorder- avoidance of accepting deserved blame and unwarranted view of others: Suspiciousness, Hypersensitivity, Mistrust
2. Schizoid- avoid social activities often seen as loners
3. Schizotypal- dont understand forming relationships

Question 8

Cluster B

Answer 8

1. Antisocial- no regard for right or wrong
2. Borderline- unstable or turbulent emotions
3. Histrionic- emotional and dramatic, drawing attention to self
4. Narcissistic- inflated sense of self importance

Question 9

Cluster C

Answer 9

1. Avoidant personality disorder- very shy, inadequate, sensitive to rejection
2. Dependent- depend too much on others to meet their emotional and physical needs
3. Obsessive-compulsive- preoccupaton w/orderliness, perfectionism, and mental and interpersonal control

Question 10

Goals of Treatment:

Answer 10

1. Immediate problem solving
2. Enhancement of coping
3. Improvement of social skills
4. Increased tolerance of anxiety w/o resorting to maladaptive coping mechanisms
5. Increased self-awareness
6. Elimination of the more destructive personality traits

Question 11

Methods of Treatment

Answer 11

1. Psychopharmacology
2. Individual psychotherapy
3. Dialectical behavioral therapy
4. Group therapy
5. Family education and therapy

Question 12

Goals

Answer 12

1. Risk control: the client will experience physical safety
2. Adherence behavior: client will participate in therapy
3. Symptom control: client will exhibit improved coping and tolerance of anxiety

Question 13

Client outcomes:

Answer 13

1. Client demonstrates trust in the nurse and treatment team
2. Client attends group therapy & individual therapy regularly
3. Client models more adaptive coping skills and greater tolerance of stress
4. Client has no suicide crises
5. Client voices insight into thoughts, feelings, and behaviors