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Personality Flashcards

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1
Q

Define Personality by Gordon Allport.

A

Personality is a dynamic organization of those psycho-physical systems which determine his/her unique adjustment(s) to his/her environment.

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2
Q

Name the Type Theories.

A

William Sheldon, Hippocrates, Charak Samhita, Psychoanalytic Theory - Id, Ego, Superego, Psychosexual Stages of Development - By Freud, Neo (Post) - Freudians - Karen Horney and Erik Erikson.

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3
Q

Name the Humanistic Theories.

A

Carl Rogers (Concept of Fully Functioning Persons), Abraham Maslow (Self-Actualization Hierarchy)

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4
Q

Give the extension of MMPI.

A

Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory.

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5
Q

Give the extension of TAT.

A

Thematic Apperception Test.

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6
Q

What is William Sheldon’s Theory of Personality also known as?

A

Sheldon’s Somato-Type Theory.

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7
Q

How many types did Sheldon classify human personality into?

A

3

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8
Q

How did Sheldon classify human personalities?

A

Sheldon classified human personalities into 3 types, namely, Viscerotonic (Endomorphic Body Type), Somatotonic (Mesomorphic Body Type) and Cerebrotonic (Ectomorphic Body Type).

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9
Q

Describe some characteristics of Viscerotonic Personality Type.

A

Viscerotonic Personality is characterized by physical comforts, people of this personality type emjoy eating, love to relax and are jovial in nature.

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10
Q

Describe some characteristics of Somatotonic Personality Type.

A

Somatotonic Personality is characterized by a energetic nature, aggression, competition, headstrong, wilful and determined.

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11
Q

Describe some characteristics of Cerebrotonic Personality Type.

A

Cerebrotonic Personality is characterized by an influence of cerebral processes, resulting in being restrained, thoughtful, shy and/or introverted.

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12
Q

What is Hippocrates Theory of Personality also known as?

A

The Four Temperament Theory.

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13
Q

What kind of theory is Hippocrates Theory of Personality?

A

Hippocrates Theory of Personality is a Proto-Psychological Theory.

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14
Q

What principle does Id work on?

A

Gratification Principle.

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15
Q

What principle does Ego work on?

A

Reality Principle.

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16
Q

What principal does Superego work on?

A

Morality Principle.

17
Q

State Freud’s Psycho-Sexual Stages of Development.

A
  1. Oral Stage
  2. Anal Stage
  3. Phallic Stage
  4. Latency Stage
  5. Genital Stage
18
Q

What were the main keypoints of Karen Horney’s propositions?

A
  1. It was not the male penis women envied, but rather the power and the autonomy associated with it.
  2. Psychological disorders stem not from the fixation of psychic energy, but rather from disturbed inter-personal relationships during childhood. This she termed as “Basic Anxiety.”
  3. In reaction to excessive levels of such anxiety, which stresses from poor relations with their parents, children adopt one of these 3 styles :
    a. Compliant Style in which they try to cope by being agreeable and compliant.
    b. Aggressive Style in which they fight to get attention.
    c. Withdrawn Style where they repress their emotions.

All the 3 patterns can lead to serious psychological disorders. By showing excessive dominance or indifference or by providing too much or too little approval, parents can generate among children feelings of isolation and helplessness which interfere with their healthy development.

19
Q

Mention the stages of Erik Erikson’s Psycho-Social Theory of Development.

A
  1. Basic Trust V/S Basic Mistrust (birth to 1 year)
  2. Autonomy V/S Shame & Doubt (1 to 3 years)
  3. Initiative V/S Guilt (3 years to 5 years)
  4. Industry V/S inferiority
  5. Identity V/S Role Confusion
  6. Intimacy V/S Isolation
  7. Generativity V/S Stagnation
  8. Integrity V/S Despair
20
Q

What principle does Id work on?

A

Gratification Principle.

21
Q

What principle does Ego work on?

A

Reality Principle.

22
Q

What principal does Superego work on?

A

Morality Principle.

23
Q

State Freud’s Psycho-Sexual Stages of Development.

A
  1. Oral Stage
  2. Anal Stage
  3. Phallic Stage
  4. Latency Stage
  5. Genital Stage
24
Q

What were the main keypoints of Karen Horney’s propositions?

A
  1. It was not the male penis women envied, but rather the power and the anatomy associated with it.
  2. Psychological disorders stem not from the fixation of psychic energy, but rather from disturbed inter-personal relationships during childhood. This she termed as “Basic Anxiety.”
  3. In reaction to excessive levels of such anxiety, which stresses from poor relations with their parents, children adopt one of these 3 styles :
    a. Compliant Style in which they try to cope by being agreeable and compliant.
    b. Aggressive Style in which they fight to get attention.
    c. Withdrawn Style where they repress their emotions.

All the 3 patterns can lead to serious psychological disorders. By showing excessive dominance or indifference or by providing too much or too little approval, parents can generate among children feelings of isolation and helplessness which interfere with their healthy development.

25
Q

Mention the stages of Erik Erikson’s Psycho-Social Theory of Development.

A
  1. Basic Trust V/S Basic Mistrust (birth to 1 year)
  2. Autonomy V/S Shame & Doubt (1 to 3 years)
  3. Initiative V/S Guilt (3 years to 5 years)
  4. Industry V/S Inferiority ( )
  5. Identity V/S Confusion ( )
  6. Intimacy V/S Isolation ( )
  7. Generativity V/S Stagnation ( )
  8. Integrity V/S Despair ( )
26
Q

List a few source traits as identified by Cattell.

A
  1. Cool V/S Warm.
  2. Easily upset V/S Calm & Stable
  3. Assertive V/S Dominant
  4. Trusting V/S Suspicious
  5. Undisciplined V/S Self Disciplined
27
Q

Who gave the Social Cogniton Theory?

A

Albert Bandura.

28
Q

Who gave the concept of “Observational Learning” in a personality theory?

A

Albert Bandura.

29
Q

Who gave the Social Learning Theory?

A

Julian Rotter.

30
Q

Who gave the concept of Functional Autonomy?

A

Gordon Allport.

31
Q

Who gave the concept of Factor Analysis?

A

Raymond Cattell

32
Q

List a few source traits as identified by Cattell.

A
  1. Cool V/S Warm.
  2. Easily upset V/S Calm & Stable
  3. Assertive V/S Dominant
33
Q

Who proposed the Big Five Factor Theory?

A

Costa McCrae.

34
Q

Give the extension of MMPI.

A

Minnesota Multi-Phasic Inventory.

35
Q

Give the extension of TAT.

A

Thematic Apperception Test.

Psychology (6 decks)

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