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Personality Flashcards

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1
Q

Define personality

A

A persons unique pattern of traits (guilford 1959)

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2
Q

Define personality in a sporting context

A

the sum of those characteristics that make a person unique. The study helps us work better with students, athletes and exercise. (Weinberg and Gould 2003)

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3
Q

What are the four common characteristics of personality

A

Identity
Individualism
Internal determination
Integrated self

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4
Q

What is black box syndrome

A

Categorising types of feelings and emotions to target people quicker

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5
Q

What are the three layers in Hollanders model of personality

A

Psychological course
Typical responses
Role related behavior

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6
Q

What is the psychological Core (hollander)

A

Real you

Stays the same the matter what your intentions

Develops from childhood is internally driven hard to change

made up of beliefs and attitudes learned and formed but consistent

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7
Q

What is the typical response layer

A

The personality most people see

Do usual manner in which we respond to the environment

Made up of learned behaviour to deal with the environment (defence mechanism)

Good indicator of psychological core

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8
Q

What is the role related behaviour layer

A

Superficial

Moulds or personality to fit our perception of the environment

Actions are based on what you perceive the situation to be

Externally driven behaviour easy to change

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9
Q

What are the uses of Hollanders approach

A

It shows the continuum from internally to externally driven behaviours

Coaches effective this increases with understanding

Athlete helps to understand teammates motivation and actions

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10
Q

What is this psychodemic theory ?

A

Developed by Freud 1933

Based on self analysis, observation is of neurotics

Supports tripartite structure of personality

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11
Q

What is the tripartite structure of personality

A

Id, ego, superego

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12
Q

What is the id

A

It is the unconscious instinctual core demands instant gratification

It is all inherited, it doesn’t change throughout life

Operates on pleasure principle

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13
Q

What is ego

A

The part of the id that is modified by direct influences of the external world

Decision-making component of personality

Operates according to reality principle

No concept of right or wrong just logic

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14
Q

What is super ego

A

Incorporates values and morals learn from parents and others

Developed at age 3 to 5 during phallic stage of psychosexual development

Controls id’s impulses which society forbids

persuade ego to turn to moralistic goals

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15
Q

What is the social learning theory

A

Developed by Hull 1943

Personality is not stable but built out of experience

Use animal research

Human behaviour is a function of social learning. You behave accordingly to how you’ve learnt through

Modelling. Social reinforcement.

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16
Q

What is modelling

A

Imitative behaviour learn through observation

17
Q

What is social reinforcement

A

Rewarded behaviours are likely to be repeated

18
Q

What is the humanistic theory

A

Abraham Maslow 1934

Human nature is inherently healthy and constructive

Humans possess a drive to self enhance

19
Q

What are the two types of needs Maslow identifies

A

Deficiency needs: result of a lacking some type of necessary object

Growth needs: can only be satisfied after deficiency needs are met

20
Q

What are Maslows six hierarchy of needs

A 
Physiological needs
Safety needs
Belonging and love needs
Esteem needs
Cognitive needs
Realisation of potential
21
Q

What is trait theory

A

Developed by Eysenck

Personality can be described through a number of traits we all have to varying degrees

22
Q

What are the two ways in which traits can be grouped

A

The extrovert introvert dimension

The stable neurotic dimension

23
Q

What is the RAS

A

Reticula activating system. Filters the useful information from senses

24
Q

What are extrovert traits

A

Biological bases: RAS decreases incoming information
Individuals seek additional stimulation in order to maintain a level of activation

Characteristics
Gets bored quickly 
Less responsive to pain
Seek excitement 
Poor concentration
25
Q

Introvert

Bio bases
Characteristics

A

RAS amplifies incoming information
Individual prefers low levels of stimulation to avoid excess activation

Doesn’t seek excitement
Prefers calm
Dislikes unexpected
Good concentration

26
Q

What are stable traits

Bio bases
Characteristics

A

ANS is fairly slow to respond to stress, not very vigorous

Characteristics
Even tempered
Emotionally stable
Easy-going

27
Q

What are neurotic traits

Bio basis
Characteristics

A

ANS responds rapidly and strongly to stressful indicators

Restless, excitable, anxious

28
Q

What are the features of dominance profile

A

Love a challenge
Perform better with a clear goal
Lose interest easily

Say what they think/direct/blunt
Can override others: power

29
Q

What are the features of influence profile

A 
See good in any situation
Willing to help others
Can lose sight of bigger goal
Act on emotional impulse
Phone well when things are going well

Persuasive/motivators
Don’t like conflict so are inconsistent talkers

30
Q

What are the features of steadiness profile

A

Go with the flow
Easy going and relaxed
Like to work in small groups
Don’t like conflict, like security

Coordinate things well/passive
Hold a grudge
Listeners

31
Q

What are the features of compliance profile

A

Adoptable to any situation
Always try their best
Slow to make decisions
Like to follow procedures

Thinkers/systematic
Can be slow to do things

32
Q

What are the advantages of disc profiling

A

Quick, measurable, understanding of others, visual

33
Q

What are the disadvantages of disc profiling

A

Self fulfilling bias
No detail
Participant bias
Situational factors not considered for example mood, sport

Psychology (7 decks)

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