Personality Flashcards
The father of the science of personality
Hans Eysenck
Definition of Personality
Personality traits are the relatively enduring patterns of thoughts, feelings, and behaviors that reflect the tendency to respond in certain ways under certain circumstances
The Big 5
> extraversion
conscientiousness
agreeableness
neuroticism
openness to experience
Injuries to which area cause changes in personality and behaviour, while intelligence remains unchanged, causing an employement-resistant profile?
Prefrontal Cortex = reduction in conscientiousness and agreeableness
What can be said about the Big 5 and morality? Does it capture it?
Only 3 out of the 30 items within the big 5 capture morality aspects: Altruisms, Modesty, Dutifulness
Sense of fairness to others is more common to find in which cultures?
WEIRD cultures (Western, educated, industrialized, rich & democratic).
HEXACO Model of Personality - Six aspects
Honesty-humility (H)
Emotionality (E; neuroticism)
eXtraversion (X)
Agreeableness vs anger (A)
Conscientiousness (C)
Openness to experience (O)
Psychopathy traits and behaviours
grandiosity, egocentricity, deceptiveness, shallow emotions, lack of empathy or remorse, irresponsibility, impulsivity, sensation-seeking, and a socially deviant (not necessarily criminal) lifestyle in which the feelings and rights of others are ignored or violated
Robert Hare’s Psychopathy Checklist–Revised
- Glibness/Superficial charm
- Grandiose Sense of self worth
- Need for stimulation/Proneness to boredom
- Pathological lying
- Conning/Manipulative
- Lack of remorse or guilt
- Shallow Affect
- Callous/Lack of empathy
- Parasitic Lifestyle
- Poor behavioural controls
Robert Hare’s Psychopathy Checklist–Revised
- Promiscuous sexual behaviour
- Early behavioural problems
- Lack of realistic, long term goals
- Impulsivity
- Irresponsibility
- Failure to accept responsibility for own actions
- Many short term marital relationships
- Juvenile delinquency
- Revocation of conditional release
- Criminal versatility
What do people with prefrontal lobe damage and psychopathy share
Like the victims of prefrontal brain injury, psychopaths are able to give sensible, fair answers to theoretical dilemmas involving responsibility or cooperation but when real life requires them to act out their sensible, fair ideas they almost always do not.
What is anosagnosia
Loss of awareness/recognition of own illness
Anton-Babinski syndrome (Anton syndrome or ABS)
visual anosognosia (denial of loss of vision) associated with confabulation (defined as the emergence of memories of events and experiences which never took place) in the setting of obvious visual loss and cortical blindness.
What is MARS
Memory Awarness Rating Scale
What is high awareness associated with
Good executive functions
