Cross-sectional Brain Anatomy on CT & MRI Flashcards
What are the key features of Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)?
-MRI utilizes radiowaves and magnetic fields to produce images.
-It measures the hydrogen content of each voxel and represents it as shades of grey or color in pixels.
-MRI can obtain images simultaneously in a number of planes at any angle.
What are the key features of Computed Tomography (CT) imaging?
- CT utilizes X-ray radiation to produce images.
-It measures the attenuation coefficient of tissues.
.CT generates images in trans-axial slices.
.It provides 3D image data for reconstruction on any plane.
What are the different anatomical planes used in medical imaging?
- Axial plane: A horizontal plane that divides the body into upper and lower sections.
-Coronal plane: A vertical plane that divides the body into front (anterior) and back (posterior) sections.
- Sagittal plane: A vertical plane that divides the body into left and right sections.
What does “dorsal” refer to in anatomy?
“Dorsal” refers to the upper or back side of a structure.
What does “lateral” refer to in anatomy?
From one side to the other
What does “caudate” refer to in anatomy?
“Caudate” refers to a tail-like structure or projection.
What does “ventral” refer to in anatomy?
Ventral” refers to the lower or front side of a structure
What are the 6 lobes of the brain?
- Frontal
- Parietal
- Temporal
- Occipital
- Insula
- Limbic lobe
What area associated with speech production is located in the inferior frontal gyrus
Brocas area
What brain area associated with language comprehension is located in the posterior aspect of superior temporal sulcus
Wernicke’s area
Where is the primary auditory cortex located?
The primary auditory cortex is located within Heschl’s gyrus.
Where is the primary visual cortex located?
The primary visual cortex is located in the occipital lobe of the brain, primarily within the calcarine sulcus, which is situated along the parieto-occipital sulcus.
What is the homunculus?
The homunculus is a distorted representation of the human body, with body parts scaled to represent the relative amount of sensory cortex devoted to their sensation or motor control.
What is the function of the supplementary motor area (SMA)?
planning and coordination of complex movements, particularly movements that are internally generated or sequenced in advance. It also contributes to the initiation of movements and the control of bilateral movements.
What is the function of the prefrontal cortex (PFC)?
decision-making, planning, reasoning, and impulse control. It also plays a role in personality expression and social behavior regulation.
