Personality Flashcards
what does the intrapsychic view of personality focus on?
the mental mechanisms of personality (many of which operate outside conscious awareness)
what are the five factors of personality in the five-factor model?
- extraversion
- agreeableness
- conscientiousness
- emotional stability
- openness
how much influence do genetics have on personality traits (%)?
20-50%
what are the three stages of Freud’s structural model of personality?
id: pleasure principle, focused on individual needs
superego: internalisation of cultural rules, values, morals
ego: must balance id and superego & obeys reality principle
which theory view personality with a focus on the unconscious and the importance of childhood experiences?
psychodynamic theory
which theory attributes thoughts and actions to unconscious motives and conflicts?
Freud’s psychoanalysis theory
what is free association?
a method of exploring the unconscious in which the person relaxes and says whatever comes to mind (in psychoanalysis)
what are the five stages of Freud’s psychosexual stages?
oral (0-18 months)
anal (18-36 months)
phallic (3-6 years)
latency (6-puberty)
genital (puberty onwards)
a projective test in which people express their inner feelings and interests through the stories they make up about ambiguous scenes is called…
thematic appreciation test (TAT)
which theory views personality with a focus on the potential for healthy personal growth?
humanistic theory
what are the five levels of Maslow’s hierarchy of needs?
- physiological needs
- safety and security
- love and belonging
- self-esteem
- self-actualisation
what is self-transcendence in Maslow’s theory?
the striving for identity, meaning, and purpose beyond the self
