Perneum Flashcards
What is the perineum?
Compartment that lies inferior to the pelvic floor
Appears a diamond shape from below
What are the boundaries of the perineum?
Pubic synthesis (anteriorly)
Ischiopubic Ramos (anterolateral)
Sacrotuberous ligament (posterolateral)
Coccyx - (posterior)
The pelvic floor - (roof)
Skin and fascia - (base)
What is the name of the imaginary line that forms the two triangles of the perineum? Where does the line go to and from?
Line of demarcation
The ischial tuberosities
Name the two triangles of the perineum
Anal triangle (posterior)
Urogenital triangle (anterior)
What is the perineal body (position)
A fibromuscular mass in the middle line of the perineum at junctions between the anal and urogenital triangle
Contains skeletal muscle, smooth muscle and collagenous and elastic fibres
Males - found between the bulb of the penis and anus
Females - between the vagina and the anus
What is contained within the anal triangle
Anal aperture - opening of the anus
the external anus sphincter muscle - muscle responsible for opening and closing the anus
Two ischioanal fossae - spaces located laterally to the anus
What surrounds the anus and what is its function?
Ischiorecal fossa and is filled with fat and connective tissue which aid expansion of the anal canal during defacation
What does the urogenital triangle consist of?
The external genitalia,
the orifices of the urethra
Vagina
The perineal membrane
What is the perineal membrane, what pieces it and what is its role?
What pouches does it contain?
Layer for tough fascia
Pieced by the urethra and the vagina
Provide attachment for the muscles of the superficial external genitalia and to help support the pelvic viscera
Deep perineal pouch and superficial perineal pouch
What is the deep perineal pouch and what does it contain?
A potential space between the pelvic floor and the perineum membrane
Contains part of the urethra, and the external urethral sphincter
In males it also contains the bulbourethral gland and the deep transverse perineal muscles
What is the superficial perineal pouch and what does it contain?
A potential space between the perineal membrane (superior) and the perineal fascia (inferior)
Contains erectile tissues that form the penis and clitoris and three muscles -
1) ischiocavernosus
2) bulbospongiosus
3) superficial transverse perineal muscles
Greater vestibular glands are also located in the superficial perineal pouch
What covers the superficial perineal muscles?
Deep perineal fascia
